同行监督所推动的护士长对质量管理的观念
Nurse managers' conceptions of quality management as promoted by peer supervision.
作者信息
Hyrkäs Kristiina, Koivula Meeri, Lehti Kristiina, Paunonen-Ilmonen Marita
机构信息
Department of Nursing Science, University of Tampere, Finland.
出版信息
J Nurs Manag. 2003 Jan;11(1):48-58. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2834.2003.00345.x.
AIM
The aim of the study was to describe nurse managers' conceptions of quality management in their work as promoted by peer supervision.
BACKGROUND
Quality management is one of the topical issues in a nurse manager's demanding and changing work. As first-line managers, they have a key role in quality management which is seen to create the system and environment for high quality services and quality improvement. Despite the official recommendations and definitions of quality management, several published reports have shown that there is no single solution for quality management. Peer supervision or the support provided by it to nursing managers have rarely been a subject of study. This study was carried out at Tampere University Hospital between 1996 and 1998. The peer supervision intervention was organized once a month, 2 hours at a time and in closed supervisor-led groups of nine nurse managers.
METHODS
Data were collected by themed interviews. Fifteen nurse managers participated in the study. The data were analysed using the phenomenographic method.
FINDINGS
Two main categories were formed of nurse managers' conceptions. The first described supportive and reflective characteristics of peer supervision. This main category was described by horizontal, hierarchical categories of support from peer group and reflection. The second main category described nurse managers' conceptions of individual development of leadership during peer supervision. This main category was also described by three horizontal categories: personal growth, finding psychological resources and internalization of leadership.
CONCLUSION
The finding of this study show that peer supervision benefited nurse managers in quality management through reflection and support. The reflective and supportive characteristics of peer supervision promoted the nurse managers' individual development, but also that of leadership. It can be concluded that peer supervision promotes quality management in nurse managers' work.
目的
本研究旨在描述在同行监督推动下，护士长在工作中对质量管理的理解。
背景
质量管理是护士长繁重且不断变化的工作中的热门话题之一。作为一线管理者，他们在质量管理中起着关键作用，质量管理被视为创造高质量服务和质量改进的体系与环境。尽管有官方对质量管理的建议和定义，但多篇已发表的报告表明，质量管理没有单一的解决方案。同行监督或其为护理管理者提供的支持很少成为研究对象。本研究于1996年至1998年在坦佩雷大学医院开展。同行监督干预每月组织一次，每次2小时，在由一名主管领导的、由9名护士长组成的封闭小组中进行。
方法
通过主题访谈收集数据。15名护士长参与了本研究。使用现象学方法对数据进行分析。
结果
护士长的理解形成了两个主要类别。第一个类别描述了同行监督的支持性和反思性特征。这个主要类别由来自同行群体的支持和反思的横向、层次类别来描述。第二个主要类别描述了护士长在同行监督期间对领导力个人发展的理解。这个主要类别也由三个横向类别来描述：个人成长、寻找心理资源和领导力的内化。
结论
本研究结果表明，同行监督通过反思和支持使护士长在质量管理中受益。同行监督的反思性和支持性特征促进了护士长的个人发展，也促进了领导力的发展。可以得出结论，同行监督促进了护士长工作中的质量管理。
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