Yoshida Minoru
Department of Chemistry, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan.
Tohoku J Exp Med. 2002 Feb;196(2):79-88. doi: 10.1620/tjem.196.79.
Mercury vapor is known penetrate the placental barrier more easily than inorganic mercury. A relative amount of mercury accumulates in the fetus after exposure of pregnant animals to mercury vapor. Mercury concentration in fetal organs is much lower than that in maternal organs except the liver, and fetal liver shows significantly higher mercury concentrations than maternal liver. In fetal liver, a substantial portion of mercury is bound to metallothionein (MT), which plays an important role as a reservoir of mercury during the prenatal period. The mercury retained in fetal liver is redistributed to other organs, such as the brain and kidney, with diminishing MT levels during postnatal development. Consequently, an increase in mercury concentration in the brain and kidney of the neonate is observed. In studies on animal offspring in utero exposed to mercury vapor, behavioral changes, such as radial arm maze, morris maze and lever-press durations, are observed when the levels of mercury vapor exceed the threshold limit value (TLV).
已知汞蒸气比无机汞更容易穿透胎盘屏障。怀孕动物接触汞蒸气后，胎儿体内会积累相对数量的汞。除肝脏外，胎儿器官中的汞浓度远低于母体器官中的汞浓度，且胎儿肝脏中的汞浓度明显高于母体肝脏。在胎儿肝脏中，大部分汞与金属硫蛋白（MT）结合，金属硫蛋白在孕期作为汞的储存库发挥着重要作用。出生后发育过程中，随着金属硫蛋白水平下降，胎儿肝脏中保留的汞会重新分布到其他器官，如大脑和肾脏。因此，观察到新生儿大脑和肾脏中的汞浓度增加。在对子宫内接触汞蒸气的动物后代进行的研究中，当汞蒸气水平超过阈限值（TLV）时，会观察到行为变化，如放射状臂迷宫试验、莫里斯迷宫试验和杠杆按压持续时间的变化。
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