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增强预充氧以预防减压病:运动持续时间的影响

Enhancement of preoxygenation for decompression sickness protection: effect of exercise duration.

作者信息

Webb James T, Pilmanis Andrew A, Fischer Michele D, Kannan Nandini

机构信息

Air Force Research Laboratory, [Wyle Laboratories, Life Sciences, Systems, and Services] Brooks AFB, San Antonio, TX 78232, USA.

出版信息

Aviat Space Environ Med. 2002 Dec;73(12):1161-6.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Since strenuous exercise for 10 min during preoxygenation was shown to provide better protection from decompression sickness (DCS) incidence than resting preoxygenation, a logical question was: would a longer period of strenuous exercise improve protection even further?

HYPOTHESIS

Increased strenuous exercise duration during preoxygenation increases DCS protection.

METHODS

There were 60 subjects, 30 men and 30 women, who were exposed to 9,144 m (4.3 psia) for 4 h while performing mild, upper body exercise. Before the exposures, each subject performed three preoxygenation profiles on different days in balanced order: a 90-min resting preoxygenation control; a 240-min resting preoxygenation control; and a 90-min preoxygenation including exercise during the first 15 min. The subjects were monitored at altitude for venous gas emboli (VGE) with an echo-imaging system and observed for signs and symptoms of DCS.

RESULTS

There were no significant differences in occurrence of DCS following any of the three preoxygenation procedures. Results were also comparable to an earlier report of 42% DCS with a 60-min preoxygenation including a 10-min exercise. There was no difference between VGE incidence in the comparison of protection offered by a 90-min preoxygenation with or without 13 min of strenuous exercise. The DCS incidence following a 240-min resting preoxygenation, 40%, was higher than observed during NASA studies and nearly identical with the earlier 42% DCS after a 60-min preoxygenation including exercise during the first 10 min.

CONCLUSION

The protection offered by a 10 min exercise in a 60-min preoxygenation was not increased with extension of the preoxygenation exercise period to 15 min in a 90-min preoxygenation, indicating an upper time limit to the beneficial effects of strenuous exercise.

摘要

引言

由于研究表明,在预充氧期间进行10分钟的剧烈运动比静息预充氧能更好地预防减压病(DCS)的发生,一个合乎逻辑的问题是:更长时间的剧烈运动是否能进一步提高预防效果?

假设

预充氧期间增加剧烈运动时长可增强对DCS的预防效果。

方法

60名受试者,30名男性和30名女性,在进行轻度上身运动的同时暴露于9144米(4.3 psia)环境中4小时。在暴露前,每个受试者在不同日期以平衡顺序进行三种预充氧方案:90分钟静息预充氧对照;240分钟静息预充氧对照;以及在90分钟预充氧期间的前15分钟进行运动。使用超声成像系统在海拔高度监测受试者的静脉气体栓塞(VGE)情况,并观察DCS的体征和症状。

结果

三种预充氧程序中的任何一种之后,DCS的发生率均无显著差异。结果也与之前一份报告相当,该报告显示在60分钟预充氧(包括10分钟运动)后DCS发生率为42%。在比较有或没有13分钟剧烈运动的90分钟预充氧所提供的预防效果时,VGE发生率没有差异。240分钟静息预充氧后的DCS发生率为40%,高于美国国家航空航天局(NASA)研究中的观察结果,并且与之前在60分钟预充氧(包括前10分钟运动)后42%的DCS发生率几乎相同。

结论

在60分钟预充氧中进行10分钟运动所提供的预防效果,在90分钟预充氧中将预充氧运动时间延长至15分钟时并未增加,这表明剧烈运动的有益效果存在时间上限。

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