Vettor R, Fabris R, Pagano C, Federspil G
Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
J Endocrinol Invest. 2002 Nov;25(10):836-54. doi: 10.1007/BF03344047.
The dual center hypothesis in the central control of energy balance originates from the first observations performed more than 5 decades ago with brain lesioning and stimulation experiments. On the basis of these studies the "satiety center" was located in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, since lesions of this region caused overfeeding and excessive weight gain, while its electrical stimulation suppressed eating. On the contrary, lesioning or stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus elicited the opposite set of responses, thus leading to the conclusion that this area represented the "feeding center". The subsequent expansion of our knowledge of specific neuronal subpopulations involved in energy homeostasis has replaced the notion of specific "centers" controlling energy balance with that of discrete neuronal pathways fully integrated in a more complex neuronal network. The advancement of our knowledge on the anatomical structure and the function of the hypothalamic regions reveals the great complexity of this system. Given the aim of this review, we will focus on the major structures involved in the control of energy balance.
能量平衡中枢控制中的双中心假说是源于50多年前进行的首批脑损伤和刺激实验观察。基于这些研究，“饱食中枢”定位于下丘脑腹内侧核，因为该区域损伤会导致过度进食和体重过度增加，而对其进行电刺激会抑制进食。相反，下丘脑外侧区的损伤或刺激会引发相反的一系列反应，从而得出该区域代表“摄食中枢”的结论。随后，我们对参与能量稳态的特定神经元亚群的认识不断扩展，用完全整合于更复杂神经网络中的离散神经元通路这一概念取代了控制能量平衡的特定“中枢”概念。我们对下丘脑区域解剖结构和功能的认识进展揭示了该系统的高度复杂性。鉴于本综述的目的，我们将聚焦于参与能量平衡控制的主要结构。
