荷兰国家免疫规划评估：对白喉、破伤风、脊髓灰质炎、麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹和b型流感嗜血杆菌的免疫力

Evaluation of the national immunisation programme in the Netherlands: immunity to diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, rubella and Haemophilus influenzae type b.

作者信息

de Melker H E, van den Hof S, Berbers G A M, Conyn-van Spaendonck M A E

机构信息

Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, PO Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Vaccine. 2003 Jan 30;21(7-8):716-20. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00587-x.

DOI:10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00587-x

PMID:12531347

Abstract

The immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases included in the Dutch immunisation programme in the general population and among orthodox reformed individuals who refuse vaccination was assessed. The programme induces good protection. However, a large proportion of adults lacks diphtheria and tetanus immunity. Measles, mumps and rubella seroprevalence was somewhat lower among vaccinated compared to unvaccinated cohorts. The prevalence of HibPS antibodies declined during 2.5 years after the fourth vaccination. However, protection occurs also by memory immunity. Herd immunity is sufficient among the general population, but not among orthodox reformed individuals. Immunosurveillance is an efficient way to evaluate the effects of immunisation programmes and identify risk groups for infection.

摘要

评估了荷兰免疫规划中包含的疫苗可预防疾病在普通人群以及拒绝接种疫苗的东正教改革宗个体中的免疫力。该规划可诱导良好的保护作用。然而，很大一部分成年人缺乏白喉和破伤风免疫力。与未接种疫苗的队列相比，接种疫苗人群中的麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹血清阳性率略低。在第四次接种疫苗后的2.5年里，b型流感嗜血杆菌结合疫苗（HibPS）抗体的流行率有所下降。然而，记忆免疫也能提供保护。普通人群中的群体免疫是足够的，但在东正教改革宗个体中并非如此。免疫监测是评估免疫规划效果和识别感染风险群体的有效方法。