[Advances in studies on the effect of surfactant on bioavailability of polycylcic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil].

The solubility and adsorption/desorption equilibrium of PAHs in soil and their interaction with soil bacterium can be altered by surfactants, which lead to the alternation of PAHs bioavailability. The bioavailability of PAHs can be enhanced by the decrease of interface tension between soil and water, the increasement of PAHs' solubility, and the transportation facilitation of PAHs in the presence of surfactants. It also can be inhibited by the surfactant toxicity to the bacteria or by the competitive ultilization between non-toxicitic surfactants and PAHs by the bacteria. In addition, the effects of surfactants on the PAHs of different existence-forms in soils are different. The bioavailability of PAHs can be affected by the type and concentrion of surfactants, PAHs and soil microorganisms, and also by soil physi-chemical characteristics.