Suskauer Stacy J, Cintas Holly L, Marini Joan C, Gerber Lynn H
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Pediatrics. 2003 Feb;111(2):E153-61. doi: 10.1542/peds.111.2.e153.
Children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) must participate in therapy to achieve motor performance objectives. Their behavioral style may influence motor performance. For this reason, the temperament of children with types III or IV OI was assessed prospectively to 1) compare their temperament with that of nondisabled children, 2) investigate the relationship between temperament and gross motor performance, and 3) examine relationships among temperament, parental overprotection and coping, physical activity, muscle strength, and motor performance.
Age-appropriate Carey Temperament Scales, Brief Assessment of Motor Function (BAMF), and the Vulnerable Child/Overprotecting Parents Scale were completed for 35 children 1 to 12 years old. Additional measures included the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire, Parent Daily Hassles Scale, manual muscle testing, Pediatric Activity Record, and a Summed Severity Score. Spearman correlations and multiple regression were used to identify and predict significant relationships.
Temperament of children with OI differed from age-based norms in only 1 domain: activity. Motor performance (BAMF) correlated significantly with 3 domains of temperament: persistence (r = -.48), approach (r = -.34), and activity (r =.40). Activity was also related to the ratio of head circumference to body length (r = -.45) and the number of fractures in the preceding year (r = -.35). Parents' reports of their daily hassles significantly correlated with several domains of the child's temperament. No significant relationships were identified between parental overprotection and temperament or motor performance.
The temperament of children with types III and IV OI does not differ from that of their nondisabled peers, with the exception of lower activity scores. Although it is considered a biological attribute, the expression of temperament, specifically activity, may be influenced by learned behaviors. Because gross motor performance is related to activity, persistence, and approach/avoidance, knowledge of an individual's temperament may enhance the child's ability to benefit from interventions to improve motor skill and activity levels.
成骨不全症（OI）患儿必须参与治疗以实现运动表现目标。他们的行为方式可能会影响运动表现。因此，对III型或IV型OI患儿的气质进行了前瞻性评估，以：1）将他们的气质与非残疾儿童的气质进行比较；2）研究气质与粗大运动表现之间的关系；3）检验气质、父母过度保护与应对方式、身体活动、肌肉力量和运动表现之间的关系。
对35名1至12岁的儿童完成了适合其年龄的凯里气质量表、运动功能简要评估（BAMF）以及易受伤害儿童/过度保护父母量表。其他测量指标包括儿童健康评估问卷、父母日常烦恼量表、徒手肌力测试、儿童活动记录和严重程度总分。使用斯皮尔曼相关性分析和多元回归来识别和预测显著关系。
OI患儿的气质仅在一个领域与基于年龄的标准不同：活动水平。运动表现（BAMF）与气质的三个领域显著相关：坚持性（r = -0.48）、趋近性（r = -0.34）和活动水平（r = 0.4）。活动水平还与头围与身长之比（r = -0.45）以及前一年的骨折次数（r = -0.35）相关。父母报告的日常烦恼与孩子气质的几个领域显著相关。未发现父母过度保护与气质或运动表现之间存在显著关系。
III型和IV型OI患儿的气质与非残疾同龄人相比没有差异，只是活动得分较低。尽管气质被认为是一种生物学属性，但气质的表现，特别是活动水平，可能会受到习得行为的影响。由于粗大运动表现与活动水平、坚持性以及趋近/回避有关，了解个体的气质可能会提高儿童从改善运动技能和活动水平的干预措施中获益的能力。
