Hurtado A., Romero C., Vilanova S., Abbott G., Llácer G., Badenes L.
Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Apartado Oficial 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
Theor Appl Genet. 2002 Aug;105(2-3):182-191. doi: 10.1007/s00122-002-0936-y. Epub 2002 Jun 14.
Genetic linkage maps for two apricot cultivars have been constructed using AFLP, RAPD, RFLP and SSR markers in 81 F1 individuals from the cross 'Goldrich' x 'Valenciano'. This family segregated for resistance to 'plum pox virus' (PPV), the most-important virus affecting Prunus species. Of the 160 RAPD arbitrary primers screened a total of 44 were selected. Sixty one polymorphic RAPD markers were scored on the mapping population: 30 heterozygous in 'Goldrich', 19 heterozygous in 'Valenciano', segregating 1:1, and 12 markers heterozygous in both parents, segregating 3:1. A total of 33 and 19 RAPD markers were mapped on the 'Goldrich' and 'Valenciano' maps respectively. Forteen primer combinations were used for AFLPs and all of them detected polymorphism. Ninety five markers segregating 1:1 were identified, of which 62 were heterozygous in the female parent 'Goldrich' and 33 in the male parent 'Valenciano'. Forty five markers were present in both parents and segregated 3:1. A total of 82 and 48 AFLP markers were mapped on the 'Goldrich' and 'Valenciano' maps. Twelve RFLPs probes were screened in the population, resulting in five loci segregating in the family, one locus heterozygous for 'Valenciano' and four heterozygous for both, segregating 1:2:1. Of the 45 SSRs screened 17 segregated in the mapping family, resulting in seven loci heterozygous for the maternal parent and ten heterozygous for both, segregating 1:2:1 or 1:1:1:1. A total of 16 and 13 co-dominant markers were mapped in the female and male parent maps respectively. A total of 132 markers were placed into eight linkage groups on the 'Goldrich' map, defining 511 cM of the total map-length. The average distance between adjacent markers was 3.9 cM. A total of 80 markers were placed into seven linkage groups on the 'Valenciano' map, defining 467.2 cM of the total map-distance, with an average interval of 5.8 cM between adjacent markers. Thirty six marker loci heterozygous in both parents revealed straightforward homologies between five linkage groups in both maps. The sharka resistance trait mapped on linkage group 2. The region containing sharka resistance is flanked by two co-dominant markers that will be used for targeted SSR development employing a recently constructed complete apricot BAC library. SSRs tightly linked to sharka resistance will facilitate MAS in breeding for resistance in apricot.
利用AFLP、RAPD、RFLP和SSR标记，在‘Goldrich’בValenciano’杂交产生的81个F1个体中构建了两个杏品种的遗传连锁图谱。该家系对‘李痘病毒’（PPV）存在分离，PPV是影响李属物种的最重要病毒。在筛选的160个RAPD随机引物中，共选择了44个。在作图群体上对61个多态性RAPD标记进行了评分：30个在‘Goldrich’中为杂合型，19个在‘Valenciano’中为杂合型，呈1:1分离，12个标记在双亲中均为杂合型，呈3:1分离。分别在‘Goldrich’和‘Valenciano’图谱上定位了33个和19个RAPD标记。14个引物组合用于AFLP分析，所有组合均检测到多态性。鉴定出95个呈1:1分离的标记，其中62个在母本‘Goldrich’中为杂合型，33个在父本‘Valenciano’中为杂合型。45个标记在双亲中均存在，呈3:1分离。分别在‘Goldrich’和‘Valenciano’图谱上定位了82个和48个AFLP标记。在群体中筛选了12个RFLP探针，结果在该家系中有5个位点发生分离，1个位点在‘Valenciano’中为杂合型，4个在双亲中均为杂合型，呈1:2:1分离。在筛选的45个SSRs中，17个在作图家系中发生分离。产生了7个在母本中为杂合型的位点和10个在双亲中均为杂合型的位点，呈1:2:1或1:1:1:1分离。分别在母本和父本图谱上定位了16个和13个共显性标记。在‘Goldrich’图谱上，共132个标记被归入8个连锁群，定义了总图长的511 cM。相邻标记之间的平均距离为3.9 cM。在‘Valenciano’图谱上，共80个标记被归入7个连锁群，定义了总图距的467.2 cM，相邻标记之间的平均间隔为5.8 cM。双亲中均为杂合型的36个标记位点揭示了两个图谱中5个连锁群之间的直接同源性。李痘病抗性性状定位在连锁群2上。包含李痘病抗性的区域两侧是两个共显性标记，将利用最近构建的完整杏BAC文库用于靶向SSR开发。与李痘病抗性紧密连锁的SSRs将有助于杏抗性育种中的分子标记辅助选择。
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