Hu Frank B, Cho Eunyoung, Rexrode Kathryn M, Albert Christine M, Manson JoAnn E
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, Mass 02115, USA.
Circulation. 2003 Apr 15;107(14):1852-7. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000062644.42133.5F. Epub 2003 Mar 31.
Although several prospective cohort studies have found an inverse association between fish consumption and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) or sudden cardiac death in the general population, limited data are available among diabetic patients.
We examined prospectively the association between intake of fish and omega-3 fatty acids and risk of CHD and total mortality among 5103 female nurses with diagnosed type 2 diabetes but free of cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline. Between 1980 and 1996 (45 845 person-years of follow-up), we documented 362 incident cases of CHD (141 CHD deaths and 221 nonfatal myocardial infarctions) and 468 deaths from all causes. Compared with women who seldom consumed fish (<1 serving/mo), the relative risks (RRs) (95% CI) of CHD adjusted for age, smoking, and other established coronary risk factors were 0.70 (0.48 to 1.03) for fish consumption 1 to 3 times per month, 0.60 (0.42 to 0.85) for once per week, 0.64 (0.42 to 0.99) for 2 to 4 times per week, and 0.36 (0.20 to 0.66) for 5 or more times per week (P for trend=0.002). Higher consumption of fish was also associated with a significantly lower total mortality (multivariate RR=0.48 [0.29 to 0.80] for > or =5 times per week [P for trend=0.005]). Higher consumption of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids was associated with a trend toward lower incidence of CHD (RR=0.69 [95% CI 0.47 to 1.03], P for trend=0.10) and total mortality (RR=0.63 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.88], P for trend=0.02).
A higher consumption of fish and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids was associated with a lower CHD incidence and total mortality among diabetic women.
尽管多项前瞻性队列研究发现，鱼类消费与普通人群冠心病（CHD）风险或心源性猝死之间存在负相关，但糖尿病患者中的相关数据有限。
我们前瞻性地研究了5103名诊断为2型糖尿病、基线时无心血管疾病或癌症的女性护士中，鱼类和ω-3脂肪酸摄入量与冠心病风险及总死亡率之间的关联。在1980年至1996年期间（45845人年的随访），我们记录了362例冠心病事件（141例冠心病死亡和221例非致命性心肌梗死）以及468例全因死亡。与很少食用鱼类（每月<1份）的女性相比，在调整年龄、吸烟及其他既定冠心病风险因素后，每月食用鱼类1至3次的冠心病相对风险（RRs）（95%CI）为0.70（0.48至1.03），每周食用一次为0.60（0.42至0.85），每周食用2至4次为0.64（0.42至0.99），每周食用5次或更多次为0.36（0.20至0.66）（趋势P值=0.002）。较高的鱼类消费量还与显著较低的总死亡率相关（每周≥5次的多变量RR=0.48 [0.29至0.80] [趋势P值=0.005]）。较高的长链ω-3脂肪酸消费量与冠心病发病率降低趋势相关（RR=0.69 [95%CI 0.47至1.03]，趋势P值=0.10）以及总死亡率降低趋势相关（RR=0.63 [95%CI，0.45至0.88]，趋势P值=0.02）。
较高的鱼类和长链ω-3脂肪酸消费量与糖尿病女性较低的冠心病发病率和总死亡率相关。
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