Tada Yuko, Keiwkarnka Boonyong, Pancharuniti Nonglak, Chamroonsawasdi Kanittha
ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2002 Sep;33(3):628-37.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the nutritional status of children (aged 1-5 years) who lived in the Klong Toey slum, Bangkok; the factors related to nutritional status were also determined. Anthropometric measurements were made for 232 children; socioeconomic background information was obtained by interviewing their mothers using a structured questionnaire. The prevalence of malnutrition among the study sample was 25.4% by weight-forage, 18.1% by height-for-age, and 6.9% by weight-for-height; the prevalence among pre-school children in Thailand and in the Bangkok metropolitan area by weight-for-age was reported to be 8.73% and 5.25% respectively. Potential related factors were examined: family characteristics, (mother's age, marital status, educational background, family size, family income, and mothers' occupation); children's characteristics (age, gender, birth order, immunization status, and history of illness); mothers' knowledge and perception of nutrition and mothers' food practice. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association with the nutritional status of children by height-for-age. The results showed that family income (adjusted OR=0.9998; 95% CI: 0.9997-1.0000), maternal housewifery or unemployment (adjusted OR=6.5; 95% CI: 1.74-24.3), food practice (adjusted OR=0.7123; 95% CI: 0.5390-0.9414), and a maternal educational level lower than primary school (adjusted OR=10.1; 95% CI: 1.13-91.9) were associated with the nutritional status of children. This finding implies that although malnutrition is no longer considered to be a major health problem in Thailand, it remains a threat to the health of the urban poor in Bangkok. This finding should not be overlooked and countermeasures are indicated.
开展了一项横断面研究，以调查居住在曼谷孔堤贫民窟的1至5岁儿童的营养状况；同时还确定了与营养状况相关的因素。对232名儿童进行了人体测量；通过使用结构化问卷对他们的母亲进行访谈，获取了社会经济背景信息。研究样本中，按年龄别体重计算的营养不良患病率为25.4%，按年龄别身高计算为18.1%，按身高别体重计算为6.9%；据报道，泰国和曼谷大都市区学龄前儿童按年龄别体重计算的患病率分别为8.73%和5.25%。研究了潜在的相关因素：家庭特征（母亲年龄、婚姻状况、教育背景、家庭规模、家庭收入和母亲职业）；儿童特征（年龄、性别、出生顺序、免疫状况和疾病史）；母亲对营养的知识和认知以及母亲的饮食习惯。采用多元逻辑回归分析来确定与儿童年龄别身高营养状况的关联。结果显示，家庭收入（调整后的比值比=0.9998；95%置信区间：0.9997 - 1.0000）、母亲为家庭主妇或失业（调整后的比值比=6.5；95%置信区间：1.74 - 24.3）、饮食习惯（调整后的比值比=0.7123；95%置信区间：0.5390 - 0.9414）以及母亲教育水平低于小学（调整后的比值比=10.1；95%置信区间：1.13 - 91.9）与儿童营养状况相关。这一发现表明，尽管营养不良在泰国不再被视为主要的健康问题，但它仍然对曼谷城市贫困人口的健康构成威胁。这一发现不应被忽视，应采取相应对策。
