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蛋白质棕榈酰化机制的新见解。

New insights into the mechanisms of protein palmitoylation.

作者信息

Linder Maurine E, Deschenes Robert J

机构信息

Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.

出版信息

Biochemistry. 2003 Apr 22;42(15):4311-20. doi: 10.1021/bi034159a.

Abstract

Since its discovery more than 30 years ago, protein palmitoylation has been shown to have a role in protein-membrane interactions, protein trafficking, and enzyme activity. Until recently, however, the molecular machinery that carries out reversible palmitoylation of proteins has been elusive. In fact, both enzymatic and nonenzymatic S-acylation reaction mechanisms have been proposed. Recent reports of protein palmitoyltransferases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila provide the first glimpse of enzymes that carry out protein palmitoylation. Equally important is the mechanism of depalmitoylation. Two major classes of protein palmitoylthioesterases have been described. One family is lysosomal and is involved in protein degradation. The second is cytosolic and removes palmitoyl moieties preferentially from proteins associated with membranes. This review discusses recent advances in the understanding of mechanisms of addition of palmitate to proteins and removal of palmitate from proteins.

摘要

自30多年前被发现以来,蛋白质棕榈酰化已被证明在蛋白质-膜相互作用、蛋白质运输和酶活性中发挥作用。然而,直到最近,执行蛋白质可逆棕榈酰化的分子机制仍不清楚。事实上,已经提出了酶促和非酶促S-酰化反应机制。酿酒酵母和果蝇中蛋白质棕榈酰转移酶的最新报道首次揭示了执行蛋白质棕榈酰化的酶。去棕榈酰化机制同样重要。已经描述了两大类蛋白质棕榈酰硫酯酶。一类是溶酶体的,参与蛋白质降解。另一类是胞质的,优先从与膜相关的蛋白质中去除棕榈酰部分。本综述讨论了在理解蛋白质添加棕榈酸酯和去除棕榈酸酯机制方面的最新进展。

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