接触刺激性物质的漂白厂工人中的成人起病型哮喘和喘息

Adult-onset asthma and wheeze among irritant-exposed bleachery workers.

作者信息

Andersson Eva, Olin Anna-Carin, Hagberg Stig, Nilsson Ralph, Nilsson Tohr, Torén Kjell

机构信息

Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.

出版信息

Am J Ind Med. 2003 May;43(5):532-8. doi: 10.1002/ajim.10203.

DOI:10.1002/ajim.10203

PMID:12704626

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Whether new-onset asthma is associated with irritant exposure is unclear. The aim was to investigate if occupational exposure to irritant gases, especially repeated peak exposure (gassings), increased the risk of obstructive airways disease.

METHODS

Data on airway symptoms and exposure among bleachery (n = 101) and paper department workers (n = 314) were collected by a questionnaire. Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HR) (Cox regression) were calculated. Non-responders were interviewed by telephone.

RESULTS

The incidence rate for adult-onset physician-diagnosed asthma among bleachery workers reporting gassings giving rise to respiratory symptoms was 7.6/10(3) person-years and for those without gassings 2.2/10(3) person-years, compared to 1.0/10(3) person-years for paper workers. In a Cox regression model for asthma (n = 12), stratified for sex, HR for gassings were 5.6 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.6-20), for hay fever 3.0 (95% CI 0.8-11), and for ever smoking 0.7 (95% CI 0.2-2.4). The same model for adult-onset wheeze gave HR of 5.2 (95% CI 2.2-12), 1.7 (95% CI 0.6-5.4), and 1.1 (95% CI 0.5-2.7), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Repeated peak exposure to irritant gases, here studied as gassings in the pulp industry, increased the risk for both adult-onset asthma and wheeze.

摘要

背景

新发哮喘是否与接触刺激性物质有关尚不清楚。目的是调查职业性接触刺激性气体，尤其是反复的峰值接触（气体中毒）是否会增加患阻塞性气道疾病的风险。

方法

通过问卷调查收集了漂白车间（n = 101）和造纸车间工人（n = 314）的气道症状和接触情况数据。计算发病率和风险比（HR）（Cox回归）。通过电话对未回复者进行访谈。

结果

报告因气体中毒而出现呼吸道症状的漂白车间工人中，成人期经医生诊断的哮喘发病率为7.6/10³人年，未发生气体中毒的工人为2.2/10³人年，而造纸工人为1.0/10³人年。在一项针对哮喘（n = 12）的Cox回归模型中，按性别分层，气体中毒的HR为5.6（95%置信区间（CI）1.6 - 20），花粉症为3.0（95%CI 0.8 - 11），曾经吸烟为0.7（95%CI 0.2 - 2.4）。针对成人期喘息的相同模型给出的HR分别为5.2（95%CI 2.2 - 12）、1.7（95%CI 0.6 - 5.4）和1.1（95%CI 0.5 - 2.7）。