Nault L R, Montgomery M E, Bowers W S
Science. 1976 Jun 25;192(4246):1349-51. doi: 10.1126/science.1273595.
When attacked by predators, aphids secrete alarm pheromones that cause nearby aphids to disperse. Ant-associated (myrmecophilous) aphid species disperse less readily than nonmyrmecophilous species. The ant Formica subsericea responds to aphid alarm pheromone in a way that is beneficial to the aphid. These findings support our hypothesis that myrmecophilous aphids depend more on ants for protection from predators than on their own dispersive powers.
当受到捕食者攻击时，蚜虫会分泌警报信息素，促使附近的蚜虫散开。与蚂蚁共生（蚁栖性）的蚜虫种类比非蚁栖性种类更不容易散开。亚丝光蚁（Formica subsericea）对蚜虫警报信息素的反应方式对蚜虫有利。这些发现支持了我们的假设，即蚁栖性蚜虫在抵御捕食者方面更多地依赖蚂蚁，而非自身的扩散能力。
