Green Douglas R, Droin Nathalie, Pinkoski Michael
La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Immunol Rev. 2003 Jun;193:70-81. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-065x.2003.00051.x.
A properly functioning immune system is dependent on programmed cell death at virtually every stage of lymphocyte development and activity. This review addresses the phenomenon of activation-induced cell death (AICD) in T lymphocytes, in which activation through the T-cell receptor results in apoptosis. AICD can occur in a cell-autonomous manner and is influenced by the nature of the initial T-cell activation events. It plays essential roles in both central and peripheral deletion events involved in tolerance and homeostasis, although it is likely that different forms of AICD proceed via different mechanisms. For example, while AICD in peripheral T cells is often caused by the induction of expression of the death ligand, Fas ligand (CD95 ligand, FasL), it does not appear to be involved in AICD in thymocytes. This and other mechanisms of AICD are discussed. One emerging model that may complement other forms of AICD involves the inducible expression of FasL by nonlymphoid tissues in response to activated T lymphocytes. Induction of nonlymphoid FasL in this manner may serve as a sensing mechanism for immune cell infiltration, which contributes to peripheral deletion.
一个功能正常的免疫系统在淋巴细胞发育和活动的几乎每个阶段都依赖于程序性细胞死亡。本综述探讨了T淋巴细胞中激活诱导的细胞死亡（AICD）现象，其中通过T细胞受体的激活会导致细胞凋亡。AICD可以以细胞自主的方式发生，并受初始T细胞激活事件性质的影响。它在涉及耐受性和内环境稳定的中枢和外周清除事件中都起着至关重要的作用，尽管不同形式的AICD可能通过不同的机制进行。例如，外周T细胞中的AICD通常是由死亡配体Fas配体（CD95配体，FasL）表达的诱导引起的，但它似乎不参与胸腺细胞中的AICD。本文将讨论AICD的这一机制及其他机制。一个可能补充其他形式AICD的新兴模型涉及非淋巴组织响应活化的T淋巴细胞而诱导性表达FasL。以这种方式诱导非淋巴组织中的FasL可能作为免疫细胞浸润的一种传感机制，这有助于外周清除。
