Fendrick A Mark
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Am J Ther. 2003 May-Jun;10(3):193-202. doi: 10.1097/00045391-200305000-00006.
Viral respiratory infections (VRIs) are among the most common reasons for which primary care providers are consulted. VRIs due to rhinoviruses-the most commonly implicated etiologic agent-constitute a syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of a cold. Rhinoviruses have been implicated in respiratory tract illnesses such as sinusitis and otitis media, as well as lower respiratory complications in high-risk populations. Most patients treat VRI with over-the-counter remedies that have been demonstrated to produce marginal clinical benefits. The development of novel antiviral agents has intensified interest in VRIs. Pleconaril, a capsid-function inhibitor currently under FDA review, has been shown in clinical trials to reduce the duration and severity of rhinovirus VRIs. By targeting the cause of illness, antiviral agents represent an opportunity to reduce the substantial clinical burden of VRI. Furthermore, effective therapies can potentially reduce inappropriate antibiotic use for viral infections.
病毒性呼吸道感染(VRIs)是基层医疗服务提供者被咨询的最常见原因之一。由鼻病毒引起的VRIs(最常见的致病因素)构成了一种以感冒症状和体征为特征的综合征。鼻病毒与鼻窦炎和中耳炎等呼吸道疾病以及高危人群的下呼吸道并发症有关。大多数患者使用已证明临床疗效有限的非处方药物治疗VRI。新型抗病毒药物的研发增加了人们对VRIs的兴趣。普来可那立,一种目前正在接受美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)审查的衣壳功能抑制剂,在临床试验中已显示可缩短鼻病毒VRIs的病程并减轻其严重程度。通过针对病因,抗病毒药物为减轻VRI的巨大临床负担提供了契机。此外,有效的治疗方法有可能减少对病毒感染的不恰当抗生素使用。