Johnson R L, Nicogossian A E, Bergman S A, Hoffler G W
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1976 Apr;47(4):347-53.
Results of orthostatic evaluations of the crew of Skylab 3 with lower body negative pressure (LNBP) stress tests during their 59-d mission are reported. The test protocol was identical to that used in the first manned Skylab mission and the latter Apollo flights. Except for an inflight increase (rather than a decrease) in resting heart rates, results were essentially parallel to those observed in crewmen of the shorter Skylab 2 mission. Exaggerated elevations in heart rate and decreases in pulse pressure during LBNP stress inflight and immediately postflight corresponded to lowered orthostatic tolerance. Large decrements in resting calf size inflight and in total leg volume postflight indicated significant headward fluid shifts as had already been seen in the Skylab 2 crewmen. In addition, decreases in calf circumference gave no certain indication of a plateau over the 59 d inflight. On the other hand, percentage volume increase in calf size during LBNP stress inflight was greater than those in either preflight or postflight tests. Hypotheses elaborated after the Skylab 2 mission seem to have been substantiated, but several enigmas await data from the last and longer mission for clarification.
报告了“天空实验室3号”机组人员在其59天任务期间进行下体负压（LNBP）应激测试的立位评估结果。测试方案与首次载人天空实验室任务以及后来的阿波罗飞行中使用的方案相同。除了飞行中静息心率增加（而非降低）外，结果与在较短的天空实验室2号任务的机组人员中观察到的结果基本相似。飞行中及飞行后立即进行下体负压应激时心率过度升高和脉压降低与立位耐力降低相对应。飞行中静息小腿尺寸大幅减小以及飞行后全腿体积减小表明存在明显的体液向头部转移，这在天空实验室2号机组人员中已经观察到。此外，小腿周长减小在59天的飞行中没有明确显示出平稳状态。另一方面，飞行中下体负压应激期间小腿尺寸的体积百分比增加大于飞行前或飞行后测试中的增加。在天空实验室2号任务后阐述的假设似乎得到了证实，但仍有几个谜团等待最后一次更长任务的数据来澄清。
