半导体微结构中的有序与无序

Order and chaos in semiconductor microstructures.

作者信息

Lin W. A., Delos J. B., Jensen R. V.

机构信息

Institute for Theoretical Atomic and Molecular Physics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185Department of Physics, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77844.

出版信息

Chaos. 1993 Oct;3(4):655-664. doi: 10.1063/1.165994.

DOI:10.1063/1.165994

PMID:12780070

Abstract

The semiclassical theory of ballistic electron transport in semiconductor microstructures provides a description of the quantum conductance fluctuations in terms of the classical distributions for the lengths and directed areas of the scattering trajectories. Because the classical dynamics differs for integrable (circular) and chaotic (stadium) scattering domains, experimental measurements of the conductance of these microstructures provide a unique probe of the quantum properties of classically regular and chaotic systems. To advance these theoretical and experimental studies we compare geometrical formulas for the classical distributions of lengths and areas with numerical simulations for microstructures examined in recent experiments, we assess the effects of lead size and placement, and we provide a critical analysis of the role of scattering "noise" on the classical and semiclassical predictions. Finally, we present a detailed comparison of the semiclassical theory with recent experimental measurements of the conductance fluctuations in circular- and stadium-shaped microstructures.

摘要

半导体微结构中弹道电子输运的半经典理论，依据散射轨迹的长度和定向面积的经典分布，对量子电导涨落进行了描述。由于可积（圆形）和混沌（体育场形）散射区域的经典动力学不同，这些微结构电导的实验测量为经典规则和混沌系统的量子特性提供了独特的探测手段。为推动这些理论和实验研究，我们将长度和面积的经典分布的几何公式与近期实验中所研究微结构的数值模拟进行了比较，评估了引线尺寸和位置的影响，并对散射“噪声”在经典和半经典预测中的作用进行了批判性分析。最后，我们对半经典理论与近期圆形和体育场形微结构中电导涨落的实验测量结果进行了详细比较。