Motoyoshi K
Nihon Rinsho. 1992 Aug;50(8):1967-72.
Hematopoietic growth factors were found as factors stimulating hematopoietic colony formation in in vitro culture system using bone marrow cells as a source of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Erythropoietin, a growth factor stimulating erythroid lineage has now been clinically used as an therapeutic agent for anemia of chronic renal failure. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), a growth factor stimulating the production of leukocytes including monocytes and neutrophils has been clinically used as an agent for leukopenic patients after anti-cancer therapy. M-CSF improves a survival rate after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) through the reduction of mortality rate associated with BMT such as bleeding, engraftment failure and GVHD. M-CSF accelerated platelet production when injected to thrombopenic patients with solid tumor after anticancer therapy. Granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) is a most powerful agent for various kinds of neutropenia such as neutropenia after anti cancer therapy, neutropenia after BMT, aplastic anemia, chronic neutropenia of children and myelodysplastic syndrome. However, since G-CSF stimulates growth of leukemic cells in vitro, careful observations should be required when clinically used on leukemic patients. Clinical studies of granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) and interleukin 3 (IL-3) are now in progress, in which a promoting activity of leukocyte production of these factors is evaluated.
造血生长因子是在以骨髓细胞作为造血祖细胞来源的体外培养系统中发现的刺激造血集落形成的因子。促红细胞生成素，一种刺激红系谱系的生长因子，现已在临床上用作治疗慢性肾衰竭贫血的药物。巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（M-CSF），一种刺激包括单核细胞和中性粒细胞在内的白细胞生成的生长因子，已在临床上用作抗癌治疗后白细胞减少患者的药物。M-CSF通过降低与骨髓移植（BMT）相关的死亡率，如出血、植入失败和移植物抗宿主病（GVHD），提高骨髓移植后的存活率。将M-CSF注射给抗癌治疗后患有实体瘤的血小板减少患者时，可加速血小板生成。粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）是治疗各种中性粒细胞减少症最有效的药物，如抗癌治疗后中性粒细胞减少、骨髓移植后中性粒细胞减少、再生障碍性贫血、儿童慢性中性粒细胞减少和骨髓增生异常综合征。然而，由于G-CSF在体外刺激白血病细胞生长，因此在临床上用于白血病患者时应仔细观察。粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）和白细胞介素3（IL-3）的临床研究正在进行中，其中评估了这些因子对白细胞生成的促进活性。
