Paeratakul Sahasporn, York-Crowe Emily E, Williamson Donald A, Ryan Donna H, Bray George A
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2002 Sep;102(9):1247-51. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90276-2.
To examine the prevalence of dieting to lose weight or for a health reason in a representative sample of US adults.
Cross-sectional study design.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: Data from 10,144 participants of the 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII 1994-1996) were used in the analysis. All data were self-reported.
Analysis included: cross-tabulation of dieting status by sociodemographic characteristics; comparison of the type of diet, the reason for dieting, and the source of diet used by men and women; comparison of the nutrient intake and health status of dieters and nondieters.
Prevalence of dieting varied by gender and race, being highest in white women (21%) and lowest in Hispanic men (8%). About 71% of all dieters reported that they were dieting to improve health, and 50% reported that they were dieting to lose weight. Dieters reported lower intakes of total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, calcium, and selenium compared with nondieters. The rate of chronic health conditions was higher among dieters than nondieters. Self-reported physical activity was similar in both groups.
The prevalence of dieting varies according to sociodemographic characteristics. The reason for dieting and the type of diet used by dieters also vary and need to be studied further. Our results suggest that the dieters generally consumed a more nutrient-dense diet than the nondieters but still low in certain nutrients.
在美国成年人的代表性样本中，研究为减肥或出于健康原因而节食的流行情况。
横断面研究设计。
研究对象/研究背景：分析采用了1994 - 1996年个人食物摄入量持续调查（CSFII 1994 - 1996）中10144名参与者的数据。所有数据均为自我报告。
分析内容包括：按社会人口学特征对节食状况进行交叉制表；比较男性和女性的节食类型、节食原因以及节食信息来源；比较节食者和非节食者的营养摄入量和健康状况。
节食的流行率因性别和种族而异，在白人女性中最高（21%），在西班牙裔男性中最低（8%）。所有节食者中约71%报告称他们节食是为了改善健康，50%报告称是为了减肥。与非节食者相比，节食者报告的总脂肪、饱和脂肪、胆固醇、钠、单不饱和脂肪、多不饱和脂肪、钙和硒的摄入量较低。节食者中慢性健康状况的发生率高于非节食者。两组自我报告的身体活动情况相似。
节食的流行率因社会人口学特征而异。节食者的节食原因和节食类型也各不相同，需要进一步研究。我们的结果表明，节食者总体上比非节食者摄入的营养密度更高的饮食，但某些营养素含量仍然较低。
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