Perreault S D
Reproductive Toxicology Branch (MD-72), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
Mutat Res. 1992 Dec;296(1-2):43-55. doi: 10.1016/0165-1110(92)90031-4.
With sperm-egg fusion at the time of fertilization the gamete nuclei are remodeled from genetically quiescent structures into pronuclei capable of DNA synthesis. Features of this process that are critical to insure the genetic integrity of the zygote and the success of subsequent embryonic development include: oocyte responses that prevent polyspermy; completion of the 2nd meiotic division by the oocyte; exchange of proteins in the sperm nucleus; and, remodelling of the oocyte chromosomes and sperm nucleus into functional pronuclei. Elucidation of the biological and molecular mechanisms underlying zygote formation and chromatin remodeling should enhance our understanding of the potential vulnerability of the zygote to toxicant-induced damage.
在受精时精卵融合，配子核从遗传静止结构重塑为能够进行DNA合成的原核。这一过程中对确保合子遗传完整性及后续胚胎发育成功至关重要的特征包括：防止多精入卵的卵母细胞反应；卵母细胞完成第二次减数分裂；精核中的蛋白质交换；以及将卵母细胞染色体和精核重塑为功能性原核。阐明合子形成和染色质重塑背后的生物学和分子机制，应能增进我们对合子易受毒物诱导损伤的潜在脆弱性的理解。
