Strathdee Steffanie A, Zafar Tariq, Brahmbhatt Heena, Baksh Ahmed, ul Hassan Salman
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2003 Jul 20;71(1):17-24. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00072-3.
The war in Afghanistan in 2001 may have had direct or indirect effects on drug users' behaviors in nearby Pakistan. We studied drug use patterns and correlates of needle sharing among injection drug users (IDUs) in Lahore, Pakistan, before and after the beginning of the Afghanistan war. Between August and October 2001, 244 drug users registering for needle exchange and other services underwent an interviewer-administered survey on sociodemographics, drug use and HIV/AIDS awareness. chi(2)-tests were used to compare drug use behaviors among subjects interviewed before and after October 6th, 2001, coinciding with the start of the Afghanistan war. Correlates of needle sharing among IDUs were identified using logistic regression. Comparing IDUs interviewed before and after October 6th, 2001, levels of needle sharing were significantly higher after the war (56% versus 76%, respectively; P=0.02). Factors independently associated with needle sharing included registering after the war began (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=3.76 (95% CI: 1.23-11.48)), being married (AOR=0.36), being homeless (AOR=3.91), having been arrested (AOR=6.00), and re-using syringes (AOR=6.19). Expansion of needle exchange, drug treatment and supportive services is urgently needed to avoid an explosive HIV epidemic in Pakistan.
2001年阿富汗战争可能对邻国巴基斯坦吸毒者的行为产生了直接或间接影响。我们研究了阿富汗战争开始前后巴基斯坦拉合尔注射吸毒者（IDU）的吸毒模式及共用针头的相关因素。2001年8月至10月期间，244名登记接受针头交换及其他服务的吸毒者接受了由访谈员进行的关于社会人口统计学、吸毒情况及艾滋病毒/艾滋病知晓情况的调查。使用卡方检验比较2001年10月6日（恰逢阿富汗战争开始）之前和之后接受访谈的对象的吸毒行为。使用逻辑回归确定注射吸毒者中共用针头的相关因素。比较2001年10月6日之前和之后接受访谈的注射吸毒者，战后共用针头的比例显著更高（分别为56%和76%；P = 0.02）。与共用针头独立相关的因素包括战争开始后登记（调整优势比，AOR = 3.76（95%可信区间：1.23 - 11.48））、已婚（AOR = 0.36）、无家可归（AOR = 3.91）、曾被逮捕（AOR = 6.00）以及重复使用注射器（AOR = 6.19）。迫切需要扩大针头交换、戒毒治疗及支持性服务，以避免巴基斯坦爆发艾滋病毒疫情。
