单独饲料原料和全价日粮辐照对保育猪生产性能的影响。

DeRouchey J M, Tokach M D, Nelssen J L, Goodband R D, Dritz S S, Woodworth J C, James B W, Real D E

Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201, USA.

J Anim Sci. 2003 Jul;81(7):1799-805. doi: 10.2527/2003.8171799x.

A total of 1,210 nursery pigs was used in two experiments to evaluate the effects of irradiation of typical nursery diet ingredients, specialty protein products, and the whole diet on nursery pig performance. In Exp. 1, 880 barrows and gilts (15 +/- 2 d of age at weaning) were used in two growth trials (14 d and 12 d for Trials 1 and 2, respectively) to determine the effects of individual ingredient and whole-diet irradiation on nursery pig performance. Overall (d 0 to 14 of Trial 1 and d 0 to 12 of Trial 2), ADG was greater (P < 0.05) for pigs fed irradiated animal plasma compared with pigs fed the control, the diet containing irradiated microingredients, and the diet that was manufactured and irradiated. Also, pigs fed irradiated soybean meal had greater (P < 0.05) ADFI compared with pigs fed the manufactured diet that was irradiated. Pigs fed the diet containing irradiated animal plasma had improved feed efficiency (G:F; P < 0.05) compared with those fed the diet with irradiated microingredients and when all ingredients were irradiated before manufacturing of complete feed. Finally, pigs fed irradiated corn, whey, fishmeal, soybean oil, microingredients, or if all ingredients or the whole diet were irradiated, had similar ADG, ADFI, and G:F (P > 0.12) to control pigs. In Exp. 2, 330 nursery pigs (20 +/- 2 d of age at weaning) were used to determine the effects of irradiation of commercially available specialty protein products in diets for nursery pigs. Overall, ADG was greater (P < 0.05) when pigs were fed diets containing nonirradiated spray-dried animal plasma and egg combination (SDAPE) and dried porcine digest (DPD) compared with pigs fed the control diet containing no specialty protein products. In addition, G:F was improved (P < 0.05) when pigs were fed diets containing nonirradiated SDAPE, DPD, spray-dried beef muscle (SDBM), and spray-dried whole egg (SDWE) compared with pigs fed the control diet. Pigs fed irradiated SDAPE and SDBM had greater (P < 0.05) ADG than pigs fed the nonirradiated forms. Pigs fed irradiated SDBM had improved (P < 0.05) G:F compared with pigs fed the nonirradiated form. In Exp. 1 and 2, an irradiation treatment level of 8.5 kGy was effective in reducing the total bacterial concentration of all ingredients evaluated, as well as the whole diet in Exp.1. Irradiation of certain ingredients, but not the complete diet, increased growth performance of nursery pigs.

总共1210头保育猪被用于两项试验，以评估典型保育猪日粮成分、特种蛋白质产品及全价日粮辐照对保育猪生产性能的影响。在试验1中，880头断奶仔猪（断奶时15±2日龄）被用于两项生长试验（试验1和试验2分别为期14天和12天），以确定单个成分及全价日粮辐照对保育猪生产性能的影响。总体而言（试验1的第0至14天和试验2的第0至12天），与饲喂对照日粮、含辐照微量成分的日粮以及经制造和辐照的日粮的仔猪相比，饲喂辐照动物血浆的仔猪平均日增重更高（P<0.05）。此外，与饲喂经辐照的制造日粮的仔猪相比，饲喂辐照豆粕的仔猪平均日采食量更高（P<0.05）。与饲喂含辐照微量成分的日粮以及所有成分在全价饲料制造前均经辐照的日粮的仔猪相比，饲喂含辐照动物血浆日粮的仔猪饲料效率更高（料重比；P<0.05）。最后，饲喂辐照玉米、乳清、鱼粉、大豆油、微量成分的仔猪，或所有成分或全价日粮均经辐照的仔猪，其平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比与对照仔猪相似（P>0.12）。在试验2中，330头保育猪（断奶时20±2日龄）被用于确定市售特种蛋白质产品辐照对保育猪日粮的影响。总体而言，与饲喂不含特种蛋白质产品的对照日粮的仔猪相比，饲喂含未辐照喷雾干燥动物血浆和鸡蛋组合（SDAPE）及干燥猪消化物（DPD）日粮的仔猪平均日增重更高（P<0.05）。此外，与饲喂对照日粮的仔猪相比，饲喂含未辐照SDAPE、DPD、喷雾干燥牛肉肌肉（SDBM）和喷雾干燥全蛋（SDWE）日粮的仔猪料重比得到改善（P<0.05）。饲喂辐照SDAPE和SDBM的仔猪平均日增重高于饲喂未辐照形式的仔猪（P<0.05）。与饲喂未辐照形式的仔猪相比，饲喂辐照SDBM的仔猪料重比得到改善（P<0.05）。在试验1和试验2中，8.5千戈瑞的辐照处理水平可有效降低所有评估成分以及试验1中的全价日粮的总细菌浓度。某些成分的辐照而非全价日粮的辐照可提高保育猪的生长性能。