Busacca Mauro, Vignali Michele
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Aug;15(4):321-6. doi: 10.1097/01.gco.0000084247.09900.4f.
This review analyzes the literature on ovarian endometrioma, examining the controversies on pathogenesis, malignant transformation and surgical therapy.
Recent literature reflects the necessity of clearly defining the ethiologic and pathologic factors that determine the origin of ovarian endometriosis and explain the increase in the condition with the prospect of developing effective prevention therapy. The possibility that ovarian endometriomas undergo malignant transformation is widely reported in the literature. Recent studies underline the importance of detecting histological differences in endometriosis (hyperplasia and atypia) and several studies of molecular biology support the theory of genetic alterations interfering with malignant transformation of ovarian endometriosis.
The surgical approach must take into account all this information and, when the therapy is conservative, complete excision of the disease must be laparoscopically performed without affecting the healthy ovarian tissue.
本综述分析了关于卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的文献，探讨了其发病机制、恶变及手术治疗方面的争议。
近期文献表明，明确确定卵巢子宫内膜异位症起源的病因和病理因素，并解释病情增加的情况，对于开发有效的预防治疗方法很有必要。卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿发生恶变的可能性在文献中已有广泛报道。近期研究强调了检测子宫内膜异位症组织学差异（增生和异型性）的重要性，多项分子生物学研究支持基因改变干扰卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶变的理论。
手术方法必须考虑到所有这些信息，当采用保守治疗时，必须在不影响健康卵巢组织的情况下，通过腹腔镜完全切除病灶。
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