Müller H M, Boley A
Institut für Tierernährung, Universität Hohenheim, Germany.
Arch Tierernahr. 1992;42(3-4):351-63. doi: 10.1080/17450399209428548.
Seed wheat was inoculated without having been sterilized with an ochratoxin A and citrinin forming strain of Penicillium verrucosum and stored at moisture contents of 18, 20, 22, 24, and 26% at 10 and 4 degrees C. The production of ergosterol, a chemical indicator of fungal biomass, started within the storage time investigated (240 days). Only at 18% H2O/4 degrees C an increase of the ergosterol content was not observed. Ochratoxin A and Citrinin were not detected at 18% H2O/4 degrees C and 20% H2O/4 degrees C within 240 days (detection limit: 10 and 25 micrograms/kg, respectively). At the other combinations of moisture content and temperature the first detection of the two toxins approximately coincided with the onset of ergosterol production. With increasing moisture content and temperature the time up to the start of ergosterol production decreased, whereas the production rates of ergosterol, ochratoxin A and citrinin increased. Both toxins were produced with about the same rate during a first phase of accumulation. At 20-26% H2O there was no influence of moisture content and temperature on the relation between toxin content and the simultaneously reached ergosterol content. It is recommended that wheat highly contaminated with Penicillium verrucosum should not be stored beyond the start of ergosterol production.
未经过灭菌处理的种子小麦接种了一株能产生赭曲霉毒素A和桔青霉素的疣孢青霉，并分别在10摄氏度和4摄氏度条件下，以18%、20%、22%、24%和26%的含水量进行储存。麦角固醇是真菌生物量的化学指标，在研究的储存期（240天）内就开始产生。只有在含水量18%/4摄氏度的条件下，未观察到麦角固醇含量增加。在含水量18%/4摄氏度和20%/4摄氏度的条件下，240天内均未检测到赭曲霉毒素A和桔青霉素（检测限分别为10微克/千克和25微克/千克）。在其他含水量和温度组合条件下，两种毒素的首次检测时间大致与麦角固醇产生的起始时间一致。随着含水量和温度的升高，麦角固醇产生起始时间缩短，而麦角固醇、赭曲霉毒素A和桔青霉素的产生速率增加。在积累的第一阶段，两种毒素的产生速率大致相同。在含水量20%-26%的条件下，含水量和温度对毒素含量与同时达到的麦角固醇含量之间的关系没有影响。建议不要储存被疣孢青霉高度污染且已开始产生麦角固醇的小麦。
Zotero 插件