Cumulative trauma disorders--an overview.

1. CTDs are a major problem in some industries. Evidence exists for an association between symptoms of CTDs and occupational risk factors such as forceful exertion, repetitiveness, vibration, cold, and extreme postures. 2. The efficacy of ergonomic interventions or programs in reducing CTDs must be evaluated using the same methods as those used to identify problems initially; user feedback regarding job or tool redesigns is essential. Implementing ergonomic interventions is an ongoing, iterative process. 3. The ability of the occupational health nurse to carry out basic nursing functions of health promotion and prevention of injury and illness will be enhanced through the application of the principles of ergonomics.