[Eukaryogenesis: a model derivated from ribosomal RNA molecular phylogenise].

We have undertaken the construction of a broad molecular phylogeny of protists through the comparison of 28S rRNA molecules. The sequences from several major protistan phyla were aligned and combined with a broad database of metazoans, metaphytes, fungi and bacteria and we have derived dendrograms from both distance matrix and parsimony methods. In agreement with classical systematics, a number of monophyletic groups separated by large evolutionary distances were observed (those of the ciliates, the chlorophytes, etc.). From this analysis, several inferences on the eukaryogenesis can be made among which the ancient origin of the cytoskeleton, the late occurrence of the chloroplastic endosymbiosis and the simultaneous emergence of the triploblastic and diploblastic metazoan patterns.