Atlas R M
Department of Biology, University of Louisville, KY 40292.
Biodegradation. 1992;3(2-3):137-46. doi: 10.1007/BF00129079.
Plans to introduce genetically engineered microorganisms into the environment has led to concerns over safety and has raised questions about how to detect and to contain such microorganisms. Specific gene sequences, such as lacZ, have been inserted into genetically engineered microorganisms to permit their phenotypic detection. Molecular methods have been developed based upon recovery of DNA from environmental samples and gene probe hybridization to specific diagnostic gene sequences for the specific detection of genetically engineered microorganisms. DNA amplification using the polymerase chain reaction has been applied to enhance detection sensitivity so that single gene targets can be detected. Detection of messenger RNA has permitted the monitoring of gene expression in the environment. The use of reporter genes, such as the lux gene for bioluminescence, likewise has permitted the observation of gene expression. Conditional lethal constructs have been developed as models for containment of genetically engineered microorganisms. Suicide vectors, based upon the hok gene have been developed as model containment systems.
将基因工程微生物引入环境的计划引发了对安全性的担忧，并提出了如何检测和控制此类微生物的问题。特定的基因序列，如lacZ，已被插入基因工程微生物中以实现其表型检测。基于从环境样品中回收DNA以及基因探针与特定诊断基因序列杂交的分子方法已被开发出来，用于特异性检测基因工程微生物。使用聚合酶链反应进行DNA扩增已被应用于提高检测灵敏度，以便能够检测单个基因靶点。信使RNA的检测使得对环境中基因表达的监测成为可能。使用报告基因，如用于生物发光的lux基因，同样使得对基因表达的观察成为可能。条件致死构建体已被开发作为控制基因工程微生物的模型。基于hok基因的自杀载体已被开发作为模型控制体系。
