Northoff G
UKRV/Charlottenburg, Neurologische Klinik, Berlin.
Schweiz Arch Neurol Psychiatr (1985). 1992;143(1):27-38.
The focus of the article is on the separation of neurology and psychiatry and their interconnection by means of the discipline of neuropsychiatry. First, the oppositions of "Structure versus Functions" and "Localization versus Holism" are worked out as the main reasons for the separation of neurology and psychiatry. This is followed by the demonstration of the recent developments of "biological psychiatry", "behavioral neurology" and "neuropsychology" which try to bridge the gulf between neurology and psychiatry. Their inadequacies with regard to a real bridge between the two disciplines, which takes account for both sides, is shown. Consecutively, a specific neuropsychiatric conception as a functional dynamic one, is suggested, which can be distinguished from the approaches in "biological psychiatry" and "behavioral neurology". This neuropsychiatric conception is applied, in a last step, to the oppositions of "Structure versus Function" and "Localization versus Holism", by means of which these oppositions, and the one between neurology and psychiatry, can be bridged--this is exemplified by means of the Parkinson-Syndrome with its neurologic and psychiatric symptoms.
本文的重点在于神经学与精神病学的分离以及通过神经精神病学学科实现它们的相互联系。首先，阐述了“结构与功能”以及“定位与整体论”的对立，将其作为神经学与精神病学分离的主要原因。随后展示了“生物精神病学”“行为神经学”和“神经心理学”的最新发展，这些学科试图弥合神经学与精神病学之间的鸿沟。同时也指出了它们在构建兼顾双方的真正学科桥梁方面的不足之处。接着，提出了一种作为功能动态概念的特定神经精神病学概念，它可与“生物精神病学”和“行为神经学”的方法相区分。最后一步，将这种神经精神病学概念应用于“结构与功能”以及“定位与整体论”的对立，借此弥合这些对立以及神经学与精神病学之间的对立——以伴有神经学和精神症状的帕金森综合征为例进行说明。
