Payne K A, Coetzee A R, Mattheyse F J, Heydenrych J J
Department of Anesthesiology, Medical School, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Acta Anaesthesiol Belg. 1992;43(3):173-9.
One hundred and twenty-three male children, aged one to ten years, were studied to determine the influence of premedication on changes in patterns of behaviour following hospitalization for repair of inguinal hernias. Four comparable groups were selected for premedication regimen: (1) A control group without premedication; (2) oral trimeprazine tartrate 2 mg/kg, methadone 0.1 mg/kg and droperidol 0.15 mg/kg; (3) oral midazolam 0.45 mg/kg; (4) intramuscular midazolam 0.15 mg/kg. Standard inhalational anesthesia was used and caudal blocks employed for analgesia. The parents returned a questionnaire at two weeks. Changes in behaviour were reported in 78% of the children and overall, premedication showed little benefit. However, midazolam premedication was associated with a significantly lower incidence of night-time crying and awakening, compared with no premedication. Only for night-time crying and day-time toilet training did age below five years prove to be a significant contributing factor.
对123名年龄在1至10岁的男童进行了研究，以确定术前用药对腹股沟疝修补术后住院期间行为模式变化的影响。选择了四组可比的术前用药方案：（1）未进行术前用药的对照组；（2）口服酒石酸三甲嗪2毫克/千克、美沙酮0.1毫克/千克和氟哌利多0.15毫克/千克；（3）口服咪达唑仑0.45毫克/千克；（4）肌内注射咪达唑仑0.15毫克/千克。采用标准吸入麻醉，并使用骶管阻滞进行镇痛。两周后，家长返回了一份问卷。78%的儿童报告了行为变化，总体而言，术前用药几乎没有益处。然而，与未进行术前用药相比，咪达唑仑术前用药与夜间哭闹和觉醒的发生率显著降低有关。仅在夜间哭闹和白天如厕训练方面，五岁以下年龄被证明是一个重要的影响因素。
