Lehnhardt M, Homann H H, Druecke D, Steinstraesser L, Steinau H U
Universitätsklinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Schwerbrandverletzte, Handchirurgiezentrum, Operatives Referenzzentrum für Gliedmassentumoren, BG-Kliniken Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-Universität Bochum.
Chirurg. 2003 Sep;74(9):808-14. doi: 10.1007/s00104-003-0727-2.
Subcutaneous liposuction in tumescent technique is the most frequent aesthetic plastic procedure in the United States. In Germany, nearly 250,000 liposuctions are done per year by a variety of surgical and nonsurgical specialists including plastic surgeons, dermatologists, gynecologists, oral surgeons, and otolaryngologists in settings ranging from hospital operating rooms to physicians' offices. The method is applied and promoted as an easy-to-learn technique that is suited as an outpatient procedure. Although major complications seem to be rare, there are definite risks, including death at a rate of 1/5,000 procedures. Major risk factors are insufficient hygiene standards, multiliter wetting solution infiltration, megavolume aspiration, multiple cosmetic procedures in one setting, sedative and anesthetic drug hangover threatening ventilation, permissive postoperative discharge, and mistakes in patient selection. When major complications occur, office-based practitioners may refer patients to hospital emergency departments, where medical personnel unfamiliar with this procedure may underestimate the risk of major complications.
肿胀技术下的皮下抽脂术是美国最常见的美容整形手术。在德国，每年有近25万例抽脂手术，由包括整形外科医生、皮肤科医生、妇科医生、口腔外科医生和耳鼻喉科医生在内的各种外科和非外科专家在从医院手术室到医生办公室等不同场所进行。该方法作为一种易于学习的技术被应用和推广，适合作为门诊手术。虽然严重并发症似乎很少见，但确实存在风险，包括每5000例手术中有1例死亡。主要风险因素包括卫生标准不足、多升湿化液浸润、大容量抽吸、一次进行多项美容手术、镇静和麻醉药物残留威胁通气、允许术后出院以及患者选择错误。当发生严重并发症时，在诊所执业的医生可能会将患者转诊至医院急诊科，而那里不熟悉该手术的医务人员可能会低估严重并发症的风险。
