[Surgery for benign submucosal tumors of the esophagus (leiomyoma and hemangioma)].

Among the submucosal tumors of the esophagus, leiomyoma is the most frequently found. Esophageal leiomyoma usually originates from the muscle layer of the esophageal wall and grows spirally around the esophageal axis. In the surgical treatment of leiomyoma, we enucleate the tumor through video-assisted thoracic surgery. When we enucleate leiomyoma, we must be very careful to aviod perforation of the esophageal mucosa. Esophageal hemangioma is a relatively rare disease. The location of this disease is mainly within the submucosal layer, without invading the muscle layer proper. After confirming the localization within the mucosa or submucosa with endoscopic ultrasonography, esophageal hemangioma can be resected safely using the endoscopic mucosal resection technique. In the treatment of benign esophageal submucosal tumors, "informed consent" is as essential as in esophageal cancer surgery. We have no absolute criteria concerning the indications for surgery for benign esophageal submucosal tumors. We must give reasons why the operation is necessary and indicated to the patients. Surgical treatment of esophageal submucosal tumors should be as minimally invasive as possible.