[专家和公众对限制精神病患者的态度]
[Expert's and lay attitudes towards restrictions on mentally ill people].
作者信息
Zogg Heidi, Lauber Christoph, Ajdacic-Gross Vladeta, Rössler Wulf
机构信息
Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Forschungsgruppe Sozialpsychiatrie, Switzerland.
出版信息
Psychiatr Prax. 2003 Oct;30(7):379-83. doi: 10.1055/s-2003-43247.
OBJECTIVE
Comparing experts' and lay opinions towards restrictions on mentally ill people.
METHOD
We conducted a representative telephone survey with psychiatrists (N = 87) and lay persons (N = 90).
RESULTS
Compulsory admission towards people with mental illness is the most accepted restriction (experts 98.9 %/lay persons 72.2 %) followed by the withdrawal of the driver license (6.7 %/54.1 %), abortion suggested for mentally ill women in case of pregnancy (5.6 %/19.4 %), and the withdrawal of the right to vote (1.1 %/17.4 %).
CONCLUSIONS
If assessing and carrying out restrictive measures towards people with mental illness, experts have to consider the discrepancy between their and the lay persons' opinions. Furthermore, professionals have to take an active role in the public discussion about sanctions that are not laid down in law by the law, e. g. abortion in case of pregnancy of a mentally ill woman, and that are not medically required. Thus, they contribute to the fight against the stigma that mentally ill people are faced with.
目的
比较专家和普通民众对限制精神病患者的看法。
方法
我们对精神科医生（N = 87）和普通民众（N = 90）进行了一项具有代表性的电话调查。
结果
对精神病患者的强制入院是最被接受的限制措施（专家98.9%/普通民众72.2%），其次是吊销驾照（6.7%/54.1%）、建议患有精神疾病的女性怀孕时堕胎（5.6%/19.4%）以及剥夺选举权（1.1%/17.4%）。
结论
在评估和对精神病患者实施限制措施时，专家必须考虑他们与普通民众观点之间的差异。此外，专业人员必须在关于法律未规定的制裁措施（例如患有精神疾病的女性怀孕时堕胎且无医学必要）的公众讨论中发挥积极作用。因此，他们有助于消除精神病患者所面临的耻辱感。
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