Kino Hiroyoshi
Division of Medicine, Center for Respiratory Diseases, Mitsui Memorial Hospital.
Nihon Rinsho. 2003 Dec;61(12):2175-80.
The progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) can be inhibited by smoking cessation. As adjunct drugs, nicotine replacement therapy and an antidepressant bupropion are found to improve the abstinence rate from smoking. The mainstay of drug therapy of COPD consists of bronchodilators. Inhaled long-acting anticholinergic agents are in development. Inhaled long-acting beta 2-agonists are newly available. Theophylline has weak antiinflammatory effects. The significance of corticosteroids and mucolytic drugs in stable COPD is yet to be elucidated. In severely hypoxemic patients with COPD long-term domicillary oxygen therapy improves the survival rate. There is no drug therapy which can prevent the long-term deterioration of pulmonary function in patients with COPD. New class of drugs are now in development.
戒烟可抑制慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的进展。作为辅助药物,尼古丁替代疗法和抗抑郁药安非他酮可提高戒烟成功率。COPD药物治疗的主要药物为支气管扩张剂。吸入长效抗胆碱能药物正在研发中。吸入长效β2受体激动剂新近上市。茶碱具有较弱的抗炎作用。皮质类固醇和黏液溶解剂在稳定期COPD中的意义尚待阐明。对于重度低氧血症的COPD患者,长期家庭氧疗可提高生存率。目前尚无药物治疗能够预防COPD患者肺功能的长期恶化。新型药物正在研发中。