Schwarcz Sandra, Stockman Jamila, Delgado Viva, Scheer Susan
San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 Van Ness Avenue, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Jan 1;35(1):93-6. doi: 10.1097/00126334-200401010-00014.
Name-based HIV reporting has been recommended as a method to track the HIV epidemic but may deter or delay at-risk persons from HIV testing. Previous studies of a deterrent effect of HIV reporting were not conducted in areas with high HIV infection rates and politically active populations.
In a cross-sectional survey, men who have sex with men (MSM) recruited from gay bars, heterosexuals recruited from the sexually transmitted disease clinic, and injection drug users (IDUs) recruited from street venues were administered a face-to-face anonymous questionnaire.
Ninety-four percent of the 118 MSM, 76% of the 99 heterosexuals, and 97% of 105 IDUs surveyed were tested. Six percent of MSM, 9% of heterosexuals, and none of the IDUs correctly identified California's HIV reporting regulations. Of the 75 (25%) participants who thought California had a name-based HIV reporting system, 2 were never tested and 23 had not been tested in the past 12 months. None of those who had never been tested and 2 of those who had not been tested in the past 12 months cited fear of being reported as a reason for not testing recently.
Fear of reporting is an infrequently cited reason for deterring or delaying testing.
基于姓名的艾滋病病毒报告已被推荐作为追踪艾滋病病毒流行情况的一种方法，但可能会阻碍或延迟高危人群进行艾滋病病毒检测。先前关于艾滋病病毒报告威慑作用的研究并非在艾滋病病毒感染率高且人群政治活跃度高的地区开展。
在一项横断面调查中，从同性恋酒吧招募的男男性行为者（MSM）、从性传播疾病诊所招募的异性恋者以及从街头场所招募的注射吸毒者（IDU）接受了面对面的匿名问卷调查。
接受调查的118名男男性行为者中有94%、99名异性恋者中有76%以及105名注射吸毒者中有97%进行了检测。男男性行为者中有6%、异性恋者中有9%，而注射吸毒者中无人正确识别加利福尼亚州的艾滋病病毒报告规定。在75名（25%）认为加利福尼亚州有基于姓名的艾滋病病毒报告系统的参与者中，2人从未检测过，23人在过去12个月内未检测过。从未检测过的人以及在过去12个月内未检测过的人当中，均无人将害怕被报告作为近期未检测的原因。
害怕被报告是阻碍或延迟检测的一个很少被提及的原因。
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