Tudor-Locke Catrine, Bassett David R
Department of Exercise and Wellness, Arizona State University, Mesa, Arizona 85212, USA.
Sports Med. 2004;34(1):1-8. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200434010-00001.
Pedometers are simple and inexpensive body-worn motion sensors that are readily being used by researchers and practitioners to assess and motivate physical activity behaviours. Pedometer-determined physical activity indices are needed to guide their efforts. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the rationale and evidence for general pedometer-based indices for research and practice purposes. Specifically, we evaluate popular recommendations for steps/day and attempt to translate existing physical activity guidelines into steps/day equivalents. Also, we appraise the fragmented evidence currently available from associations derived from cross-sectional studies and a limited number of interventions that have documented improvements (primarily in body composition and/or blood pressure) with increased steps/day.A value of 10000 steps/day is gaining popularity with the media and in practice and can be traced to Japanese walking clubs and a business slogan 30+ years ago. 10000 steps/day appears to be a reasonable estimate of daily activity for apparently healthy adults and studies are emerging documenting the health benefits of attaining similar levels. Preliminary evidence suggests that a goal of 10000 steps/day may not be sustainable for some groups, including older adults and those living with chronic diseases. Another concern about using 10000 steps/day as a universal step goal is that it is probably too low for children, an important target population in the war against obesity. Other approaches to pedometer-determined physical activity recommendations that are showing promise of health benefit and individual sustainability have been based on incremental improvements relative to baseline values. Based on currently available evidence, we propose the following preliminary indices be used to classify pedometer-determined physical activity in healthy adults: (i). <5000 steps/day may be used as a 'sedentary lifestyle index'; (ii). 5000-7499 steps/day is typical of daily activity excluding sports/exercise and might be considered 'low active'; (iii). 7500-9999 likely includes some volitional activities (and/or elevated occupational activity demands) and might be considered 'somewhat active'; and (iv). >or=10000 steps/day indicates the point that should be used to classify individuals as 'active'. Individuals who take >12500 steps/day are likely to be classified as 'highly active'.
计步器是一种简单且价格低廉的可穿戴式运动传感器，研究人员和从业者正广泛使用它来评估和激励身体活动行为。需要计步器确定的身体活动指标来指导他们的工作。因此，本文的目的是回顾基于计步器的一般指标用于研究和实践目的的基本原理和证据。具体而言，我们评估了每日步数的流行建议，并尝试将现有的身体活动指南转化为每日步数的等效值。此外，我们评估了目前从横断面研究得出的关联以及少数干预措施中获得的零散证据，这些干预措施记录了随着每日步数增加（主要在身体成分和/或血压方面）而出现的改善情况。
每天一万步的数值在媒体和实践中越来越流行，其可以追溯到30多年前的日本步行俱乐部和一句商业口号。对于明显健康的成年人来说，每天一万步似乎是对日常活动的合理估计，并且越来越多的研究记录了达到类似步数水平对健康的益处。初步证据表明，对于包括老年人和慢性病患者在内的一些群体，每天一万步的目标可能无法持续。将每天一万步作为通用步数目标的另一个问题是，对于儿童（对抗肥胖的重要目标人群）来说，这个数值可能太低了。其他基于计步器确定身体活动建议的方法，显示出对健康有益且具有个体可持续性的前景，这些方法是基于相对于基线值的逐步改善。基于目前可得的证据，我们建议使用以下初步指标对健康成年人中计步器确定的身体活动进行分类：（i）. 每天少于5000步可用作“久坐生活方式指标”；（ii）. 每天5000 - 7499步是不包括运动/锻炼的日常活动典型步数，可能被视为“低活动量”；（iii）. 每天7500 - 9999步可能包括一些自主活动（和/或较高的职业活动需求），可能被视为“有些活跃”；以及（iv）. 每天大于或等于10000步表明应将个体分类为“活跃”的步数点。每天步数超过12500步的个体可能被分类为“高度活跃”。
