Gunnarsdottir Holmfridur K, Tomasson Kristinn
Department of Research and Occupational Health, Administration of Occupational Safety and Health, Bildshoefdi 16, 110 Reykjavik, Iceland.
Work. 2004;22(1):63-8.
The aim was to describe the mortality pattern among unskilled female industrial workers with the hypothesis that they were disadvantaged compared to other women and that smoking-related causes of death were in excess among them.
The study group comprised 13349 women who had contributed at any time to a pension fund for unskilled industrial workers in Reykjavik during the time period 1970-1995. The follow-up was from 1975 to 1995. The death rate of the study group was compared to that of women in the general population during the time period 1981-1995. The study group was studied with regard to selected causes of death, by age at first entrance into the pension fund, different lag-time, and by employment-time.
Results showed an excess of external causes but a deficit of most other causes of death, among those smoking related diseases. The high mortality by external causes was consistent in all the analyses. Standardised mortality ratio (SMR) for external causes in the total group was 1.79 (95% CI 1.45-2.19), for lung cancer 1.04 (95% CI 0.80-1.34) and for ischemic heart disease 0.77 (95% CI 0.65-0.91). Mortality was highest among those who started to pay in the pension fund at younger ages.
The notable excess of external causes in the group needs further exploration. The results did not confirm the hypothesis that smoking-related causes of death were in excess in the group. Methodological problems related to studies on women workers are discussed.
本研究旨在描述非技术女性产业工人的死亡模式，并假设她们相较于其他女性处于不利地位，且她们中与吸烟相关的死亡原因过多。
研究组包括13349名女性，她们在1970年至1995年期间曾向雷克雅未克非技术产业工人养老基金缴款。随访时间为1975年至1995年。将研究组的死亡率与1981年至1995年期间普通人群中的女性死亡率进行比较。从选定的死亡原因、首次进入养老基金时的年龄、不同的滞后时间以及就业时间等方面对研究组进行研究。
结果显示，在那些与吸烟相关的疾病中，外部原因导致的死亡过多，但大多数其他死亡原因导致的死亡不足。在所有分析中，外部原因导致的高死亡率都是一致的。整个组外部原因的标准化死亡率（SMR）为1.79（95%可信区间1.45 - 2.19），肺癌为1.04（95%可信区间0.80 - 1.34），缺血性心脏病为0.77（95%可信区间0.65 - 0.91）。在较年轻时开始向养老基金缴款的人群中，死亡率最高。
该组中显著过多的外部原因需要进一步探究。结果并未证实该组中与吸烟相关的死亡原因过多这一假设。讨论了与女工研究相关的方法学问题。
