Bishop A E
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College, London, UK.
Cell Prolif. 2004 Feb;37(1):89-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2004.00302.x.
Classically, the stem/progenitor cells of the pulmonary epithelium are considered to be the basal and mucous cells of the proximal airways, Clara cells in the bronchioles and type II pneumocytes in the alveoli. Recent data suggest that there is a variant of Clara cells, lying in pulmonary neuroendocrine bodies, that meets several stem cell criteria and that type II pneumocytes exist in at least two populations, one of which is more resistant to injury. However, a complete revision of our understanding of pulmonary stem cell biology is underway as a result of the discovery of pulmonary epithelium derived from blood-borne cells. In addition, the existence in the lung of a 'universal' pluripotent cell has long been speculated upon and now some initial evidence has emerged with the identification of a spore-like cell that can differentiate in vitro to bronchiolar tissue.
传统上,肺上皮的干细胞/祖细胞被认为是近端气道的基底细胞和黏液细胞、细支气管中的克拉拉细胞以及肺泡中的II型肺细胞。最近的数据表明,位于肺神经内分泌体中的一种克拉拉细胞变体符合几种干细胞标准,并且II型肺细胞至少存在两个群体,其中一个群体对损伤更具抵抗力。然而,由于发现了源自血源细胞的肺上皮,我们对肺干细胞生物学的理解正在进行全面修订。此外,长期以来人们一直在推测肺中存在一种“通用”的多能细胞,现在随着一种能够在体外分化为细支气管组织的孢子样细胞的鉴定,已经出现了一些初步证据。