Kolb T E, McCormick L H, Shumway D L
School of Forest Resources, 12 Ferguson Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Tree Physiol. 1991 Oct;9(3):401-13. doi: 10.1093/treephys/9.3.401.
We assessed the effect of feeding damage by pear thrips, Taeniothrips inconsequens Uzel (Thysanoptera:Thripidae), on gas exchange and water relations of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) seedlings. Compared to undamaged seedlings, feeding punctures in the leaf epidermis of thrips-damaged seedlings decreased water use efficiency, increased leaf conductance to water vapor, and decreased predawn water potential. Under conditions of high soil water and high light intensity, carbon dioxide exchange rate (CER) was greater for thrips-damaged than undamaged seedlings because of greater CO(2) conductance through feeding punctures. Under conditions of low soil water, CER was lower for thrips-damaged than undamaged seedlings as a result of water stress. Carbon dioxide exchange rate at low light and low soil water was limited by non-stomatal factors, but no difference in non-stomatal limitation to CER was detected between thrips-damaged and undamaged seedlings. Leaf tissue water relations differed between thrips-damaged and undamaged seedlings and under high and low soil water conditions. The results suggest that the reduction in leaf area of thrips-damaged seedlings can be partially compensated by elevated CER under conditions of high light intensity and high soil water. However, high gas exchange rates through feeding punctures predisposes thrips-damaged seedlings to water stress that can reduce CER under conditions of low soil water.
我们评估了梨蓟马（Taeniothrips inconsequens Uzel，缨翅目：蓟马科）取食危害对糖槭（Acer saccharum Marsh.）幼苗气体交换和水分关系的影响。与未受损伤的幼苗相比，受蓟马危害的幼苗叶片表皮上的取食小孔降低了水分利用效率，增加了叶片对水蒸气的传导率，并降低了黎明前水势。在高土壤水分和高光强条件下，由于通过取食小孔的二氧化碳传导率更高，受蓟马危害的幼苗的二氧化碳交换率（CER）高于未受损伤的幼苗。在低土壤水分条件下，由于水分胁迫，受蓟马危害的幼苗的CER低于未受损伤的幼苗。低光和低土壤水分条件下的二氧化碳交换率受非气孔因素限制，但在受蓟马危害和未受损伤的幼苗之间未检测到对CER的非气孔限制差异。受蓟马危害和未受损伤的幼苗之间以及在高土壤水分和低土壤水分条件下，叶片组织水分关系有所不同。结果表明，在高光强和高土壤水分条件下，受蓟马危害的幼苗叶面积的减少可部分通过提高CER来补偿。然而，通过取食小孔的高气体交换率使受蓟马危害的幼苗易受水分胁迫，这在低土壤水分条件下会降低CER。
