von Suchodoletz W, Berwanger D, Mayer H
Institut für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Abteilung für Entwicklungsfragen Waltherstr. 23, D-80337 München.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 2004 Feb;32(1):19-27. doi: 10.1024/1422-4917.32.1.19.
It has been claimed that children with dyslexia show auditory processing deficits and a training of auditory perception is recommended as a therapy. this study addresses the question whether a causal connection between auditory perception and dyslexia can be proven empirically.
27 dyslexic children with average intelligence and normal hearing and 31 controls were examined. The auditory perception ability was judged with non-linguistic (pitch, tone duration, sound discrimination tasks) and verbal (speech in noise, compressed speech) tasks. In addition auditory short-term memory, nonverbal IQ, spelling and language ability were assessed.
Group differences were found in tone processing tasks, but not in sound discrimination or auditory verbal tasks. Despite significant main effects in tone processing tasks the individual values of the dyslexic children lay predominantly in the range of the controls. In addition, there was no correlation between tone processing and spelling ability.
Dyslexic children do not show remarkable deficits in verbal auditory processing. Auditory low level deficits can only be observed within a small subgroup. There is no evidence for central auditory dysfunction as a cause of dyslexia. The relevance of auditory processing training for treatment programmes for dyslexia should be questioned.
据称诵读困难儿童存在听觉加工缺陷，因此建议将听觉感知训练作为一种治疗方法。本研究探讨是否能通过实证证明听觉感知与诵读困难之间存在因果关系。
对27名智力中等、听力正常的诵读困难儿童和31名对照组儿童进行了检查。通过非语言（音高、音调时长、声音辨别任务）和语言（噪声中的言语、压缩语音）任务来判断听觉感知能力。此外，还评估了听觉短期记忆、非语言智商、拼写和语言能力。
在音调加工任务中发现了组间差异，但在声音辨别或听觉语言任务中未发现。尽管在音调加工任务中有显著的主效应，但诵读困难儿童的个体值主要落在对照组的范围内。此外，音调加工与拼写能力之间没有相关性。
诵读困难儿童在言语听觉加工方面没有明显缺陷。仅在一小部分亚组中观察到听觉低水平缺陷。没有证据表明中枢听觉功能障碍是诵读困难的原因。应质疑听觉加工训练对诵读困难治疗方案的相关性。
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