[Spontaneous renal arteriovenous fistula-caused hematuria: case report].

OBJECTIVE

To present a case of spontaneous renal arteriovenous fistula treated at the Hospital Regional General No. 1 "Gabriel Mancera" of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS).

CASE REPORT

A 27-year-old female with no pathologic-medical background who presented with total, intermittent, macroscopic hematuria with clots as the only symptom causing severe anemia. Ureterorenoscopy and diagnostic renal arteriography were carried out. She was treated with percutaneous selective arterial embolization with absolute ethanol. The patient experienced a favorable and uncomplicated evolution. After 1 year of follow-up, she remains asymptomatic and her laboratory parameters are normal.

DISCUSSION

Spontaneous renal arteriovenous fistula is a rare disease; the majority of the cases are related to renal trauma or renal surgery. Treatment by arterial embolization is very effective and prognosis is excellent.