Alayash Abdu I
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Division of Hematology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 8800 Rockville Pike, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2004 Feb;3(2):152-9. doi: 10.1038/nrd1307.
Chemically modified or genetically engineered haemoglobins (Hbs) developed as oxygen therapeutics (often termed 'blood substitutes') are designed to correct oxygen deficit due to ischaemia in a variety of clinical settings. These modifications are intended to stabilize Hb outside its natural environment--red blood cells--in a functional tetrameric and/or polymeric form. Uncontrolled haem-mediated oxidative reactions of cell-free Hb and its reactions with various oxidant/antioxidant and cell signalling systems have emerged as an important pathway of toxicity. Current protective strategies designed to produce safe Hb-based products are focused on controlling or suppressing the 'radical' nature of Hb while retaining its oxygen-carrying function.
作为氧疗药物（通常称为“血液替代品”）开发的化学修饰或基因工程血红蛋白（Hb）旨在纠正各种临床环境中因缺血导致的氧缺乏。这些修饰旨在使Hb在其自然环境（红细胞）之外以功能性四聚体和/或聚合物形式稳定下来。游离Hb不受控制的血红素介导的氧化反应及其与各种氧化/抗氧化和细胞信号系统的反应已成为毒性的重要途径。目前旨在生产安全的基于Hb的产品的保护策略集中在控制或抑制Hb的“自由基”性质，同时保留其携氧功能。
