Tao Shanwen, Irvine John T S
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK.
Chem Rec. 2004;4(2):83-95. doi: 10.1002/tcr.20003.
The search for alternative anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) has been reviewed in the light of structure, stability, conductivity, chemical and thermal compatibility with electrolyte YSZ. In this review, we have presented the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional Ni-YSZ anode for SOFCs. The development of alternative anode for SOFCs with fluorite, rutile, tungsten bronze, pyrochlore, perovskite and spinel structures has been reviewed and discussed in detail. Among the reported materials systems, materials with perovskite structure are promising particularly where two ions with complimentary function are present on the B-site at high concentration. We have recently found a good redox stable anode (La(0.75)Sr(0.25))(1-x)Cr(0.5)Mn(0.5)O(3) (0 <or= x <or= 0.1) using this approach. These materials exhibit comparable performance to the traditional Ni-YSZ anode. Therefore, we can use nickel-free redox stable anode for SOFCs. With further optimisation of the composition and microstructure, the performance of these materials may be further improved and hopefully replace the traditional Ni-YSZ anode in the future.
从结构、稳定性、导电性以及与电解质钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ）的化学和热兼容性等方面，对固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）替代阳极材料的研究进行了综述。在本综述中，我们阐述了传统的SOFC镍 - 钇稳定氧化锆阳极的优缺点。对具有萤石、金红石、钨青铜、烧绿石、钙钛矿和尖晶石结构的SOFC替代阳极的发展进行了综述并详细讨论。在已报道的材料体系中，具有钙钛矿结构的材料很有前景，特别是当B位上存在高浓度具有互补功能的两种离子时。我们最近利用这种方法发现了一种氧化还原稳定性良好的阳极（La(0.75)Sr(0.25))(1 - x)Cr(0.5)Mn(0.5)O(3) （0≤x≤0.1）。这些材料表现出与传统镍 - 钇稳定氧化锆阳极相当的性能。因此，我们可以将无镍氧化还原稳定阳极用于SOFC。随着组成和微观结构的进一步优化，这些材料的性能可能会进一步提高，并有望在未来取代传统的镍 - 钇稳定氧化锆阳极。
