Soja G, Barnes J D, Posch M, Vandermeiren K, Pleijel H, Mills G
ARCS, Department of Environmental Research/LA, Research Centre Seiborsdorf, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria.
Environ Pollut. 2000 Sep;109(3):517-24. doi: 10.1016/s0269-7491(00)00055-5.
This paper presents phenological weighting factors to be applied to AOT40 (accumulated ozone exposure above a threshold of 40 nl l(-1)) ozone exposure-response relationships for crops at different growth stages. The quantification of such factors represents a step-forward in the derivation of Level II critical levels for ozone. The weighting factors presented are derived from published literature on the sensitivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and plantain (Plantago major) to ozone at different growth stages. Weighting functions were calculated using either multiple linear regression or the reciprocal residual mean square (RMS(-1)). The resulting weights were transformed into multiplication factors to be applied to the monthly AOT40 during the 3-month assessment period of critical level exceedance. Interspecific differences were too large to allow for the development of a unified weighting function for the three species considered. For wheat grain yield, the derived multiplication factors varied by almost four-fold (0.40, 1.06, 1.54), while those for bean pod yield varied by only about 25% (0.85, 1.01, 1.14). The available data for plantain were restricted to short-term studies conducted under controlled conditions. These data were not suitable for the derivation of weighting factors comparable to those derived for bean and wheat. Based on known differences in wheat development and phenology across Europe, the need for a geographic differentiation of the time period for the calculation of the critical level exceedances is also discussed and examples provided of the adoption of the derived weightings in the mapping of critical level exceedances. Differences between critical level exceedance maps using weighted and unweighted AOT40 calculations are discussed.
本文提出了物候加权因子，用于不同生长阶段作物的AOT40（40 nl l(-1)阈值以上的累积臭氧暴露量）臭氧暴露-响应关系。这些因子的量化是臭氧二级临界水平推导中的一个进步。所提出的加权因子源自已发表的关于小麦（普通小麦）、豆类（菜豆）和车前草（大车前）在不同生长阶段对臭氧敏感性的文献。使用多元线性回归或倒数残差均方（RMS(-1)）计算加权函数。所得权重被转换为乘法因子，应用于临界水平超标3个月评估期内的月度AOT40。种间差异太大，无法为所考虑的三个物种开发统一的加权函数。对于小麦籽粒产量，推导的乘法因子变化近四倍（0.40、1.06、1.54），而豆类荚果产量的乘法因子仅变化约25%（0.85、1.01、1.14）。车前草的现有数据仅限于在受控条件下进行的短期研究。这些数据不适用于推导与豆类和小麦可比的加权因子。基于欧洲各地小麦发育和物候的已知差异，还讨论了计算临界水平超标时间段进行地理区分的必要性，并提供了在临界水平超标地图绘制中采用推导加权的示例。讨论了使用加权和未加权AOT40计算的临界水平超标地图之间的差异。
