阿片促黑激素皮质素原与能量平衡：来自人类和小鼠遗传学的见解

Proopiomelanocortin and energy balance: insights from human and murine genetics.

作者信息

Coll Anthony P, Farooqi I Sadaf, Challis Benjamin G, Yeo Giles S H, O'Rahilly Stephen

机构信息

University Departments of Medicine and Clinical Biochemistry,Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 2QQ.

出版信息

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jun;89(6):2557-62. doi: 10.1210/jc.2004-0428.

DOI:10.1210/jc.2004-0428

PMID:15181023

Abstract

Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) undergoes extensive and tissue-specific posttranslational processing to yield a range of biologically active peptides. Historically, the most clearly defined roles of these peptides are in the control of adrenal steroidogenesis by corticotroph-derived ACTH and skin pigmentation by alphaMSH. However, a rapidly expanding body of work has established that POMC-derived peptides synthesized in neurons of the hypothalamus play a central role in the control of energy homeostasis. We review how inherited abnormalities in POMC synthesis and processing and defects in the action of POMC-derived peptides in both humans and mice have helped shape our current understanding of the importance of the melanocortin system in human energy balance.

摘要

阿黑皮素原（POMC）会经历广泛且具有组织特异性的翻译后加工，从而产生一系列具有生物活性的肽。从历史上看，这些肽最明确的作用是由促肾上腺皮质激素细胞衍生的促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）控制肾上腺类固醇生成，以及由α-促黑素（αMSH）控制皮肤色素沉着。然而，越来越多的研究表明，在下丘脑神经元中合成的POMC衍生肽在能量稳态控制中起着核心作用。我们回顾了人类和小鼠中POMC合成与加工的遗传异常以及POMC衍生肽作用缺陷如何帮助我们形成了目前对黑皮质素系统在人类能量平衡中重要性的理解。