Sokolov Alexander, Pavlova Marina, Lutzenberger Werner, Birbaumer Niels
Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, D 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
Neuroimage. 2004 Jun;22(2):521-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.01.045.
For attentional control of behavior, the brain permanently resolves a competition between the impressions supplied by different senses. Here, using a dual-modality temporal order detection task, we studied attentional modulation of oscillatory neuromagnetic activity in the human cerebral cortex. On each trial, after simultaneous exposure to visual and auditory noise, subjects were presented with an asynchronous pair of a visual and an auditory stimulus. Either of the two stimuli could occur first equally often, their order was not cued. Subjects had to determine the leading stimulus in a pair and attentively monitor it to respond upon its offset. With the attended visual or auditory stimuli, spectral power analysis revealed marked enhancements of induced gamma activity within 250 ms post-stimulus onset over the modality-specific cortices (occipital at 64 Hz, right temporal at 53 Hz). When unattended, however, the stimuli led to a significantly decreased (beneath baseline) gamma response in these cortical regions. The gamma decreases occurred at lower frequencies ( approximately 30 Hz) than did the gamma increases. An increase in the gamma power and frequency for the attended modality and their decrease for the unattended modality suggest that attentional regulation of multisensory processing involves reciprocal changes in synchronization of respective cortical networks. We assume that the gamma decrease reflects an active suppression of the task-irrelevant sensory input. This suppression occurs at lower frequencies, suggesting an involvement of larger scale cell assemblies.
为了对行为进行注意力控制,大脑会持续解决不同感官所提供的印象之间的竞争。在此,我们使用双模态时间顺序检测任务,研究了人类大脑皮层中振荡神经磁活动的注意力调制。在每次试验中,在同时呈现视觉和听觉噪声后,向受试者呈现一对不同步的视觉和听觉刺激。两种刺激中的任何一种都可能同样频繁地首先出现,且不提示其顺序。受试者必须确定一对刺激中的主导刺激,并专注地监测它,以便在其消失时做出反应。对于被关注的视觉或听觉刺激,频谱功率分析显示,在刺激开始后250毫秒内,特定模态皮层(枕叶在64赫兹,右侧颞叶在53赫兹)内诱发的伽马活动显著增强。然而,当刺激未被关注时,这些皮层区域的伽马反应会显著降低(低于基线)。伽马降低发生的频率(约30赫兹)低于伽马增加的频率。被关注模态的伽马功率和频率增加,而未被关注模态的伽马功率和频率降低,这表明多感官处理的注意力调节涉及各个皮层网络同步的相互变化。我们假设伽马降低反映了对与任务无关的感觉输入的主动抑制。这种抑制发生在较低频率,表明涉及更大规模的细胞集合。
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