Williams Warwick, Purdy Suzanne, Murray Narelle, LePage Eric, Challinor Kathy
National Acoustic Laboratories, Chatswood, New South Wales.
Aust J Rural Health. 2004 Jun;12(3):115-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1854.2004.00571.x.
To compare measured hearing levels of individuals regularly exposed to noise in their workplace to self-reported and family-reported hearing loss. To compare the attitudes and preventative actions adopted by individuals who are more aware of the potential for hearing loss to less aware individuals.
The project examined the perceptions of rural workers concerning noise, noise exposure and hearing. The subjects completed a 'Noise at Work' questionnaire and some demographic data at the time of audiometric testing.
The subjects were recruited when attending their rural health clinic for audiometric testing.
Participants comprised 113 men and 23 women (20-65 years, mean = 39.6, SD = 11.4) working across a range of activities at different levels in their workplaces. The range in current employment was from 0.5 to 45 years (mean = 13.8, SD = 10.7).
Hearing tests were compared with perceptions of noise annoyance, hearing damage risk and preventative action. Self- and family-reported hearing loss and conversational difficulties in noise correlated well with measured audiograms. Perceptions of workplace noise tended to be more positive if people felt they had hearing problems. There was no difference in preventative action between those who did and did not feel they had hearing problems. Both groups rated barriers to action and lack of self-efficacy in a similar negative way.
There is a need for specific training to ensure that rural workers have skills to take more positive action in reducing noise exposure at work.
比较工作场所经常接触噪音的个体的测量听力水平与自我报告及家人报告的听力损失情况。比较对听力损失可能性认知较高的个体与认知较低的个体所采取的态度和预防措施。
该项目研究了农村工人对噪音、噪音暴露和听力的认知。受试者在听力测试时完成了一份“工作中的噪音”问卷及一些人口统计学数据。
受试者在前往农村健康诊所进行听力测试时被招募。
参与者包括113名男性和23名女性（年龄在20 - 65岁之间，平均年龄 = 39.6岁，标准差 = 11.4），他们在工作场所从事不同层面的一系列活动。目前的工作年限在0.5至45年之间（平均 = 13.8年，标准差 = 10.7）。
将听力测试结果与对噪音烦恼、听力损伤风险和预防措施的认知进行比较。自我报告及家人报告的听力损失以及在噪音环境中的对话困难与测量的听力图相关性良好。如果人们觉得自己有听力问题，对工作场所噪音的认知往往更积极。认为自己有听力问题和不认为自己有听力问题的人在预防措施方面没有差异。两组对行动障碍和自我效能感缺乏的评价方式相似且都为负面。
需要进行特定培训，以确保农村工人具备在工作中采取更积极行动减少噪音暴露的技能。
