Gendolla A, Evers S
Neurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Essen.
Schmerz. 2004 Oct;18(5):378-84. doi: 10.1007/s00482-004-0364-9.
In pregnancy and in childhood, headache and migraine are challenging therapeutic problems.However, this review aims to give treatment recommendations for drug and non-drug therapy in both patient groups which are based on scientific evidence. Pregnant women often lose their migraine attacks which reappear during lactation. During pregnancy acute headache can be treated with paracetamol, in the middle trimenon also ASA and ibuprofen are allowed. Triptans for the acute treatment of migraine are contraindicated. As prophylactic agents, only metoprolol, fluoxetine, and magnesium are possible. In childhood, drug of first choice for acute headache treatment is ibuprofen. Migraine can also be treated by sumatriptan nasal spray. In migraine prophylaxis, flunarizine is drug of first choice, no prophylactic drugs are evaluated for tension-type headache in childhood. The problems of specific contraindications and of the off-label use of drugs in this particular life periods are discussed.
在孕期和儿童期,头痛和偏头痛是具有挑战性的治疗难题。然而,本综述旨在基于科学证据为这两类患者群体提供药物和非药物治疗的建议。孕妇常常在孕期偏头痛发作停止,但在哺乳期又会复发。孕期急性头痛可用对乙酰氨基酚治疗,孕中期也可使用阿司匹林和布洛芬。曲坦类药物禁用于偏头痛的急性治疗。作为预防性药物,仅美托洛尔、氟西汀和镁是可行的。在儿童期,急性头痛治疗的首选药物是布洛芬。偏头痛也可用舒马曲坦鼻喷雾剂治疗。在偏头痛预防方面,氟桂利嗪是首选药物,儿童紧张型头痛尚无预防性药物被评估。文中还讨论了在这些特殊生命阶段特定禁忌证及药物超说明书使用的问题。