Hammerman Cathy, Bin-Nun Alona, Kaplan Michael
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel.
Clin Perinatol. 2004 Sep;31(3):489-500. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2004.04.015.
The potential benefits of a predominantly lactic acid bacterial flora include an improved balance of gut microbial ecology and decreased susceptibility of the gut mucosa to bacterial translocation via adherence to the intestinal mucosa, strengthening mucosal barrier function. These properties should be especially beneficial to the premature neonate with (1) delayed establishment of nor-mal flora, increasing the potential for proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and (2) immature development of the intestinal mucosa, rendering it more susceptible to the translocation of these pathogenic bacteria and leading to extra-intestinal spread and systemic disease. Early probiotic supplementation in preterm infants is theoretically sound and associated with minimal risk. Clinical data remain preliminary but are supportive of a reduction in feeding intolerance and NEC in this high-risk group.
以乳酸菌为主的菌群的潜在益处包括改善肠道微生物生态平衡，以及通过黏附于肠黏膜降低肠道黏膜对细菌易位的敏感性，从而增强黏膜屏障功能。这些特性对于早产新生儿尤其有益，原因在于：（1）正常菌群建立延迟，增加了病原菌增殖的可能性；（2）肠道黏膜发育不成熟，使其更容易受到这些病原菌易位的影响，进而导致肠外扩散和全身性疾病。理论上，对早产儿早期补充益生菌是合理的，且风险极小。临床数据仍然初步，但支持降低这一高危群体的喂养不耐受和坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生率。
