Larsson K, Eklund A, Malmberg P, Belin L
National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden.
Chest. 1992 Mar;101(3):767-74. doi: 10.1378/chest.101.3.767.
Testing of lung function and bronchial reactivity, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and a skin prick test with a standard panel and six "swine" extracts obtained from swine and swine environment were performed in 20 randomly selected nonsmoking swine confinement workers. In addition, blood samples for detection of antibodies by the diffusion in gel-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DIG-ELISA) technique and precipitating antibodies were drawn. Air samples for measurement of dust and endotoxin levels were collected. All the farmers regarded themselves as healthy. The results were compared with reference groups consisting of urban nonsmoking subjects who had not been exposed to pig farming environment. The pig farmers had normal lung function and the bronchial reactivity was not different from the reference group. In the BAL fluid of the farmers, the concentration of total cells and granulocytes was increased while the concentrations of lymphocytes and macrophages were normal. The BAL fluid concentrations of albumin, fibronectin, and hyaluronan were elevated in the farmers. Skin prick tests with swine extracts were negative in all farmers. Antibodies (assessed by DIG-ELISA) against swine dander, swine dust, and pig feed were increased and precipitating antibodies against swine dander were found in 14, against pig food in five, and against swine confinement dust in three of the 20 pig farmers. The concentration of airborne total dust was 7.4 mg/cu mm and the endotoxin concentration was 37 (22 to 60) ng/cu mm during tending the pigs and increased, during feeding, to 13.8 mg/cu mm and 315 (194 to 716) ng/cu mm, respectively. There was no correlation between exposure and lung function or lavage findings. In conclusion, randomly selected pig farmers had signs of airway inflammatory reaction and activation of the immune system without alteration in lung function and bronchial reactivity.
对20名随机挑选的不吸烟的养猪场工人进行了肺功能和支气管反应性测试、支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL），以及用标准试剂组和从猪及其饲养环境中获取的六种“猪源”提取物进行的皮肤点刺试验。此外，采集了血样，采用凝胶扩散酶联免疫吸附测定（DIG-ELISA）技术检测抗体和沉淀抗体。收集了空气样本以测量粉尘和内毒素水平。所有农民均自认为健康。将结果与由未接触养猪环境的城市不吸烟受试者组成的对照组进行比较。养猪农民的肺功能正常，支气管反应性与对照组无差异。在农民的BAL液中，总细胞和粒细胞浓度升高，而淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浓度正常。农民的BAL液中白蛋白、纤连蛋白和透明质酸浓度升高。所有农民对猪源提取物的皮肤点刺试验均为阴性。20名养猪农民中有14人抗猪皮屑、猪粉尘和猪饲料的抗体（通过DIG-ELISA评估）增加，5人有抗猪皮屑的沉淀抗体，5人有抗猪饲料的沉淀抗体，3人有抗养猪场粉尘的沉淀抗体。照料猪时空气中总粉尘浓度为7.4毫克/立方毫米，内毒素浓度为37（22至60）纳克/立方毫米，喂食期间分别增至13.8毫克/立方毫米和315（194至716）纳克/立方毫米。暴露与肺功能或灌洗结果之间无相关性。总之，随机挑选的养猪农民有气道炎症反应和免疫系统激活的迹象，但肺功能和支气管反应性无改变。
