筛选大豆（谷物和蔬菜）基因型的营养成分和抗营养因子。

Screening soybean (grain and vegetable) genotypes for nutrients and anti-nutritional factors.

作者信息

Mohamed A I, Rangappa M

机构信息

Cooperative State Research Service, Virginia State University, Petersburg 23803.

出版信息

Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1992 Jan;42(1):87-96. doi: 10.1007/BF02196075.

DOI:10.1007/BF02196075

PMID:1546056

Abstract

Fifty six genotypes of grain-type soybean and 17 genotypes of vegetable-type soybean collections were analyzed for protein and oil content, trypsin inhibitor, and lipoxygenase activities. The protein and oil content ranged from 36.9 to 47.9% and from 13.3 to 23.0% for different accessions in grain- and vegetable-type soybeans, respectively. Trypsin inhibitor and lipoxygenase activities ranged from 22.0 to 47.0 trypsin inhibitor units/mg meal and from 482 to 6265 lipoxygenase units/min/mg meal for grain- and vegetable-type soybeans, respectively. Significant correlations (r = -0.62 and -0.52, P less than 0.05) were found between protein and oil, and between protein and trypsin inhibitor. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.42, P less than 0.05) was also calculated for oil and lipoxygenase activity. Several genotypes of soybean and vegetable soybean (plant introductions 423905, 417330, 417223, 171451, 200506, 200523, 417124, 227687, 203402, 445842, 203399, 423852, 416771, FC 31927, Avoyelles, and Sooty) showed good nutritional potential and may be useful in a breeding program to improve the nutritional quality of soybean. Screening for essential amino acids, fatty acids, and trace minerals for selected genotypes is underway.

摘要

对56个粮用型大豆基因型和17个菜用型大豆基因型的蛋白质和油含量、胰蛋白酶抑制剂以及脂氧合酶活性进行了分析。粮用型和菜用型大豆不同种质的蛋白质含量范围分别为36.9%至47.9%和13.3%至23.0%，油含量范围分别为13.3%至23.0%和36.9%至47.9%。粮用型和菜用型大豆的胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性范围分别为22.0至47.0胰蛋白酶抑制剂单位/毫克粕，脂氧合酶活性范围分别为482至6265脂氧合酶单位/分钟/毫克粕。蛋白质与油之间以及蛋白质与胰蛋白酶抑制剂之间存在显著相关性（r = -0.62和 -0.52，P < 0.05）。油与脂氧合酶活性之间也计算出显著正相关（r = 0.42，P < 0.05）。几种大豆和菜用大豆基因型（植物引进品种423905、417330、417223、171451、200506、200523、417124、227687、203402、445842、203399、423852、416771、FC 31927、阿沃耶尔和乌黑豆）显示出良好的营养潜力，可能有助于开展育种计划以提高大豆的营养品质。目前正在对选定基因型的必需氨基酸、脂肪酸和微量矿物质进行筛选。